Multi-user media presentation system

ABSTRACT

One or more embodiments of the disclosure provide systems and methods for providing media presentations to users of a media presentation system. A media presentation generally includes a plurality of media segments provided by multiple users of the media presentation system. In one or more embodiments, a user of the media presentation system may share a media presentation with a co-user. The media presentation system can provide a number of features to assist a user in sharing, filtering, and accessing media presentations.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority from U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 62/141,132 filed Mar. 31, 2015. The aforementionedapplication is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

One or more embodiments relate to systems and methods for providingmedia content to multiple users. More specifically, one or moreembodiments of the present invention relate to systems and methods fordistributing media content among multiple users.

2. Background and Relevant Art

Through advancements in computing devices and computing technology,users can often share user-generated media with other users. As such,users are increasingly capturing and sharing experiences using variouscomputing devices. For example, modern mobile devices enable users tocapture and share pictures, videos, and text with co-users (e.g., familymembers, co-workers, friends, or with the public at large). Forinstance, a user can share user-generated content with a group offriends via a variety of communication systems (e.g., IM, text, orsocial networks).

Despite advances in technology, a number of drawbacks remain for a userwanting to share user-generated media with other users. For example, onedisadvantage of conventional systems is that many conventional systemsare directed toward media posts that are individualistic in nature. Inother words, a thread of posts between multiple users focuses oninteractions between the individual user that created the post and theother co-users interacting with the user, rather than a group of usersinteracting with each other as a group. Thus, many conventional systemsdo not provide an environment where a group of users can co-create andshare group-created media with each other.

As another disadvantage, many conventional communication systems thatallow users to share user-generated media often provide a cluttered andconfusing presentation of the shared content. Some conventional systemsthat allow users to share user-generated media with other users attemptto reduce interface clutter by removing, deleting, or denying additionalaccess to shared media once a co-user accesses the shared media.Specifically, in these conventional systems, a co-user's access to theshared media ends after the co-user accesses the shared media (e.g.,views a shared photo or video). Although these conventional systemsprovide an effort to reduce clutter, these conventional systems do so atthe expense of further increasing the isolation of each post betweenusers. In other words, because users view each media post in isolation,and because each media post is removed automatically after a useraccesses the media, participating in a media conversation using theseconventional systems is difficult. This is especially the case with agroup media conversation involving multiple users.

Accordingly, there are a number of considerations to be made inimproving a user experience in relation to creating and participating inmultimedia conversations with a group of users.

SUMMARY

One or more embodiments described herein provide benefits and/or solveone or more of the foregoing or other problems in the art with systemsand methods of creating and sharing collaborative media content betweenco-users. For example, one or more principles described herein providesystems and methods that allow a user to view, contribute to, and createmedia presentations that include media segments generated and providedby the user and/or multiple co-users.

Moreover, some principles described herein provide systems and methodsthat provide users with a number of features that assist users in theautomatic creation, sharing, and filtering of media segments and mediapresentations. For example, systems and methods described herein mayprovide for the automatic creation of media presentations based thatshare related media segment or the automatic creation of an event mediapresentation. As another example, the systems and methods describedherein may provide suggestions to a user as to which co-users with whichthe user should share a media presentation. Further, the systems andmethods may filter media presentation to isolate particular mediasegment as well as identify and block inappropriate media.

The systems and methods may also provide information to users regardingmedia presentations as well as about co-users. For example, the systemsand methods disclosed herein may automatically generate and displaycredits for a media presentation. Further, the systems and methods canallow users to view and contribute to a co-user's profile, such asenabling the user to share a personal media segment message with theco-user.

In addition, principles described herein provide systems and methodsthat provide users to access live media captured at an event and/or viewhighlights from the event. Further, the systems and methods may allow auser to access and view the live media and highlight for more than oneangle or perspective. For instance, systems and methods described hereincan obtain multiple live streaming media segments captured at the sametime by different users at an event, and share the live streaming mediasegments with other co-users.

In addition, the systems and methods disclosed herein provide a userwith a media presentation list that organizes media presentations forpresentation to the user. For example, the systems and methods disclosedherein provide efficient and intuitive navigation between various mediasegments within a media presentation. As a result, a user can quicklynavigate and experience the media presentations in a manner that reducesuser interface clutter and increases user enjoyment. Similarly, a usercan intuitively navigate through media segments within a mediapresentation to experience a media presentation in an enjoyable manner.

Additional features and advantages will be set forth in the descriptionwhich follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or maybe learned by the practice of such exemplary embodiments. The featuresand advantages of such embodiments may be realized and obtained by meansof the instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in theappended claims. These and other features will become more fullyapparent from the following description and appended claims, or may belearned by the practice of such exemplary embodiments as set forthhereinafter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to describe the manner in which the above recited and otheradvantages and features of one or more embodiments can be obtained, amore particular description will be rendered by reference to specificembodiments thereof that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.It should be noted that the figures are not drawn to scale, and thatelements of similar structure or function are generally represented bylike reference numerals for illustrative purposes throughout thefigures. These drawings depict only typical embodiments, and are nottherefore considered to be limiting of its scope. Accordingly, variousembodiments will be described and explained with additional specificityand detail using the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system inaccordance with one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a media presentation system incommunication with one or more client devices in accordance with one ormore embodiments described herein;

FIG. 3 illustrates a sequence-flow diagram showing multiple clientdevices in communication with the media presentation system inaccordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method for automatically creating amedia presentation based on related media segments in accordance withone or more embodiments;

FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary graphical user interface showing anexample media presentation in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary graphical user interface of an exampleprocess of applying facial recognition to a media presentation inaccordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 7 illustrates a media presentation that includes a list ofparticipant in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 8 illustrates a media presentation that includes a credits mediasegment in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method for generating a participantlist in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIGS. 10A-10B illustrate exemplary graphical user interfaces showing auser profile in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIGS. 11A-11B illustrate exemplary graphical user interfaces showing acompany profile in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 12 illustrates a sequence-flow diagram showing a user and a co-userinteracting with the media presentation system in accordance with one ormore embodiments;

FIG. 13A illustrates a baseball stadium where multiple users of themedia presentation system may be watching a baseball game;

FIG. 13B illustrates an example media presentation including mediasegment captured by users at the baseball game shown in FIG. 13A inaccordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method for providing, to a user, alive streaming media segment captured by another user in accordance withone or more embodiments;

FIGS. 15A-B illustrate example media presentations including a mediapresentation of an event that provides a user with event information,live action, replays, and highlights in accordance with one or moreembodiments;

FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1600 for providing a livestreaming media segment to a user in accordance with one or moreembodiments;

FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a method for generating a significantact (“highlights”) media presentation in accordance with one or moreembodiments;

FIG. 18 illustrates the process of the media presentation systemgenerating a favorites media presentation in accordance with one or moreembodiments;

FIG. 19 illustrates an example media presentation that is filtered toinclude media segments sharing a common topic in accordance with one ormore embodiments;

FIG. 20 illustrates an example embodiment of the media presentationsystem providing restriction options to a user within a mediapresentation on a client device in accordance with one or moreembodiments;

FIG. 21 illustrates a flowchart of a method for censoring a mediasegment in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 22 illustrates another flowchart of a method for censoring a mediasegment in a media presentation in accordance with one or moreembodiments;

FIG. 23 illustrates flowchart of a method for sharing an appended mediapresentation in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 24 illustrates a block diagram of a client device in accordancewith one or more embodiments;

FIG. 25 illustrates a network environment of a social networking systemin accordance with one or more embodiments described herein; and

FIG. 26 illustrates an example social graph of a social networkingsystem in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments disclosed herein provide benefits and/or solve one or moreof the abovementioned or other problems in the art with a mediapresentation system that improves a user's experience for creating andparticipating in collaborative multimedia conversations with otherusers. In particular, the media presentation system easily allows a userto receive, view, contribute to, edit, report, filter, and/or createmedia presentation. Additionally, in one or more embodiments, the mediapresentation system provides an intuitive graphical user interface thatallows a user to efficiently navigate, view, create, contribute to, andotherwise experience media presentations within a media presentationlist.

In particular, one or more embodiments of the media presentation systemmay automatically create a media presentation based on related mediasegments. In another embodiment, the media presentation system maygenerate a credits list and/or participant list. Further, in someembodiments, the media presentation system may provide, to a user, alive streaming media segment captured by another user. In addition, themedia presentation system may provide multiple live streaming mediasegment to one or more users. The media presentation system may alsoautomatically generate and provide a significant act (“highlights”)media presentation to users of the media presentation system. Further,in one or more embodiments, the media presentation system may censor amedia segment in a media segment and/or media presentation for one ormore users.

In addition to presenting several media presentations to the user, insome embodiments, the media presentation system can enable the user tostart or otherwise create a media presentation. For instance, and asdiscussed briefly above, the media presentation system can assist theuser in selecting which co-users can view the media presentation and/orwhich co-users can add to the media presentation. Further, the mediapresentation system may allow the user to approve, edit, or remove mediasegments added by the user or by other co-users to the mediapresentation.

Accordingly, one or more embodiments of the media presentation systemovercome one or more of the disadvantages of conventional systems byproviding systems and methods to allow users to create and sharecollaborative media presentations. As such, example embodiments of themedia presentation system allow users to participate in collaborativemedia conversations in an intuitive and enjoyable manner. Moreover, oneor more embodiments of the media presentation system provide a graphicaluser interface that eliminates user interface clutter and confusioninherent in conventional systems due to having duplicate copies of mediaand/or long lists of media, which require the user to spend significantamounts of time to manually experience the shared media content. Inaddition, and as will be describe in more detail below, exampleembodiments of a media presentation system can provide continued accessto a collaborative media presentation for users to continue to enjoy andshare, while at the same time overcoming user interface clutter (e.g., auser's media contribution is not simply erased to reduce clutter as withsome conventional systems).

The term “media,” as used herein refers to digital data that may betransmitted over a communication network. Examples of media include, butare not limited to, digital photos, digital video files, digital audiofiles, and/or streaming content. Accordingly, media may refer to images,video, audio, text, documents, animations, or any other audio/visualcontent that may be transmitted over a communication network. Inaddition, examples of media can include user-generated media (e.g.,content that a user captures using a media capturing feature of a smartphone, such as digital photos or videos) as well as nonuser-generatedmedia (e.g., content generated by a party other than a user, but towhich the user has access).

The term “media segment,” as used herein refers generally to a discreteportion of media. A media segment may include an image segment, videosegment, and/or an audio segment. For example, a media segment may be animage segment that is displayed for a duration of time. As anotherexample, a media segment may include a video clip or an audio clip.

As used herein, the term “media presentation” refers to a defined set ofone or more media segments. For example, a media presentation caninclude a plurality of media segments contributed by one or more users.As such, in one or more embodiments, a media presentation can include acompilation of media segments composed by multiple users. For example, amedia presentation may include a thread of related media segmentscaptured by two or more users in a conversation with each other about aparticular topic. Additionally, a media presentation can include asingle media segment, provided by a user, to which other users canappend one or more additional media segments (e.g., the creation of anew media presentation).

As used herein, the terms “interact” or “interacting” refer generally toany type of interface activity between a user and a client device. Forexample, interacting can include a user viewing, browsing, accessing,and/or otherwise experiencing video content. Moreover, interacting caninclude selecting elements on a client device, such as selecting menuoptions or graphical buttons to create a media presentation or add amedia segment to an existing media presentation. For instance, a usercan interact with a client device to capture a media segment, replay acaptured media segment, approve a captured media segment, request acaptured media segment be added to a media presentation, or cancelcapture of a media segment. In one or more embodiments, a user caninteract with a client device using one or more user input devices, suchas a touch screen, touchpad, or mouse.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example embodiment of a communication system 100(or simply, “system 100”) in accordance with one or more embodimentsdescribed herein. As shown, the system 100 may include a mediapresentation system 102, a first client device 104 a, and a secondclient device 104 b (collectively “client devices 104”), that arecommunicatively coupled through a network 106. Although FIG. 1illustrates a particular arrangement of the media presentation system102, client devices 104, and the network 106, various additionalarrangements are possible. For example, the client devices 104 maydirectly communicate with the media presentation system 102, bypassingthe network 106.

Optionally, the system 100 may include a social networking system 108.When the system 100 includes the social networking system 108, the mediapresentation system 102 may be a part of the social networking system108. In this manner, users of the social networking system 108 may beable to use the features and functionalities of the media presentationsystem 102 described herein. Alternatively, the media presentationsystem 102 and the social networking system 108 may be independent fromeach other, but still be able to communicate with each other via thenetwork 106.

As mentioned above, the media presentation system 102, the clientdevices 104, and the social networking system 108 may communicate viathe network 106. The network 106 may include one or more networks andmay use one or more communications platforms or technologies suitablefor transmitting data and/or communication signals. Additional detailsrelating to the network 106 are explained below with reference to FIGS.24-25.

As further illustrated in FIG. 1, a user 110 may interact with the firstclient device 104 a and a co-user 112 may interact with the secondclient device 104 b. The user 110 and/or the co-user 112 may be anindividual (i.e., human user), a business, a group, or other entity. Forsake of explanation, FIG. 1 illustrates only one user 110 and oneco-user 112, however, it should be understood that system 100 mayinclude any number of users, with each of the users interacting with thesystem 100 with one or more client devices. Likewise, it should beunderstood that the terms “user” and “co-user” are generally used forpurposes of explanation, and that the user 110 and the co-user 112 areboth simply users of the media presentation system 102.

As mentioned above, the user 110 and the co-user 112 may interact withclient devices 104 a and 104 b, respectively, to communicate with themedia presentation system 102 and/or social networking system 108. Theclient devices 104 may represent various types of client devices. Forexample, the client devices 104 can include: a mobile device such as amobile telephone, a smartphone, a PDA, a tablet, a laptop; a non-mobiledevice such as a desktop or server; or any other type of computingdevice. In addition, a client device may include display devices such astelevisions, LCD displays, LED displays, monitors, projectors, etc.Additional details and examples with respect to the client devices 104are discussed below with respect to FIGS. 24-25.

As shown in FIG. 1 and as mentioned above, the system 100 can includethe social networking system 108. In some embodiments, however, thesystem 100 does not include a social networking system 108.Nevertheless, the media presentation system 102, the user 110, and/orthe co-user 112 may be associated with the social networking system 108.For example, the user 110 may authorize the media presentation system102 to access the social networking system 108 to obtain informationabout the user 110, such as the user's profile, social networkingcontacts, and affinity to each social networking contact. The mediapresentation system 102 may also use the social networking system 108 toshare media presentations among users of the media presentation system102. For instance, a user may compose and/or initiate a mediapresentation from the social networking system 108. Further, the user110 many post a media presentation on a newsfeed of a social networkinguser who is connected to the user 110 via the media presentation system102 and/or social networking system 108.

As briefly discussed above, the system 100 includes the mediapresentation system 102. In general, the media presentation system 102facilitates the generation and distribution of media presentations. Themedia presentation system 102 further enables the user 110 to sharemedia presentations with the co-user 112, as well as receive sharedmedia presentations from the co-user 112.

Regardless of the particular components or arrangement of components ofthe system 100, the system 100 generally allows users of the system tocreate, edit, filter, report, and/or share media presentations thatinclude media segments contributed from multiple users. As anon-limiting overview example, the co-user 112 may capture media on thesecond client device 104 b (e.g., a digital video) and create a mediapresentation that includes the captured media as a media segment. Theco-user 112 can then share the media presentation with the user 110 viathe media presentation system 102. For example, the media presentationsystem 102 can provide the media presentation to the first client device104 a to present the media presentation to the user 110.

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a media presentation system102 in communication with one or more client devices 104. The mediapresentation system 102 in FIG. 2 can represent one or more embodimentsof the media presentation system 102 discussed above with reference toFIG. 1. Similarly, the client device 104 shown in FIG. 2 may representone or more embodiments of the first client device 104 a and/or thesecond client device 104 b discussed above with reference to FIG. 1. Forexample, the media presentation system 102 and the client device 104 inFIG. 2 can be part of the communication system 100 illustrated in FIG.1.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the media presentation system 102 can include,but is not limited to, a media presentation generator 210, adistribution manager 212, a media presentation database 214, and a userprofile database 216. In general, the media presentation generator 210can receive media segments from the client device(s) 104 and use themedia segments to generate new or updated media presentations. Thedistribution manager 212 can provide media presentations to one or moreusers of the media presentation system 102 via the client device(s) 104.The media presentation database 214 can maintain a plurality of mediapresentations and/or media segments, and the user profile database 216can maintain user information for users of the media presentation system102.

Each component of the media presentation system 102 may be implementedusing a computing device including at least one processor executinginstructions that cause the media presentation system 102 to perform theprocesses described herein. In some embodiments, the components of themedia presentation system 102 can be implemented by a single serverdevice, or across multiple server devices. Although a particular numberof components are shown in FIG. 2, the media presentation system 102 caninclude more components or can combine the components into fewercomponents (such as a single component), as may be desirable for aparticular embodiment.

As briefly mentioned above, and as illustrated in FIG. 2, the mediapresentation system 102 may include a media presentation generator 210.The media presentation generator 210 may create a new media presentationor generate an updated media presentation, as described below. The mediapresentation generator 210 may also communicate with the mediapresentation database 214, which may store media presentations and/ormedia segments.

In one or more embodiments, for example, the media presentationgenerator 210 may generate a media presentation when the mediapresentation system 102 receives one or more media segments from theclient device 104. For example, a user may request, on the client device104, to create a new media presentation or add a media segment to anexisting media presentation. In response, the client device 104 maycapture a media segment, and then send the media segment to the mediapresentation system 102 to create a new media presentation or to add toan existing media presentation.

To illustrate, the media presentation system 102 may receive a mediasegment from the first client device 104 a. The media segment mayinclude an indication that identifies the media segment as a new mediapresentation or identifies the media segment as corresponding to anexisting media presentation. For example, a media segment may includemetadata that identifies the media segment as part of a new mediapresentation or as part of an existing media presentation. For instance,in the event a user, via the first client device 104 a, submits a mediasegment intended to be the first media segment of a new mediapresentation, the metadata can include identification data that is nullor identification data that otherwise indicates the media segment is notassociated with any existing media presentation. On the other hand, whena user submits a media segment that is intended to be associated with anexisting media presentation, the metadata can include identificationdata that uniquely references the existing media presentation.

Accordingly, after the media presentation system 102 receives a mediasegment, the media presentation generator 210 may determine that themedia segment is not associated with an existing media presentation, andin response, the media presentation generator 210 may generate a newmedia presentation that includes the received media segment. As part ofcreating a new media presentation, for example, the media presentationgenerator 210 can associate identification data with the mediapresentation that the media presentation system 102 can use to identifythe media presentation, as well as associate other properties orsettings with the media presentation, as will be further describedbelow.

In some embodiments, upon creating a media presentation, the mediapresentation generator 210 can create a media presentation file to storeinformation and metadata for the media presentation. The file mayinclude data structures such as one or more tables, arrays, databases,etc. Further, the media presentation generator 210 may store the mediapresentation file in the media presentation database 214 in connectionwith the media presentation.

The media presentation file can include information, such as a user IDcorresponding to the user that created the file. In addition, the mediapresentation file can include links or pointers to media segmentsincluded in the media presentation (e.g., the location of a mediasegment stored within the media presentation database 214 and/or athird-party database). Further, the media presentation file can includeinformation about each media segment, such as which users contributedeach media segment, which users are associated with each media segment(e.g., tagged, identified in, etc.), the order each media segment shouldbe presented on the client device 104 (e.g., play list order), a imagethat represent each file (e.g., a frame from the media segment, a userselected image, a default image, etc.), and/or information about eachmedia segment (e.g., likes, shares, views, etc.). In this manner, themedia presentation generator 210 may create a media presentation byassociating and/or threading a number of media segments together.

Further, the media presentation file can include permission andauthorization information. For example, the media presentation file mayindicate which users are authorized to view and which users arepermitted to contribute to the media presentation. As another example,the media presentation file can indicate which users can modify mediasegments within the media presentation and/or remove the mediapresentation from the media presentation system 102.

In addition to determining a media segment is not associated with anexisting media presentation, the media presentation generator 210 candetermine that a received media segment is associated with an existingmedia presentation. Based on determining that a media segment isassociated with an existing media presentation, the media presentationgenerator 210 may update the existing media presentation to include thereceived media segment.

In one or more embodiments, the media presentation generator 210 mayappend the received media segment to one or more media segmentscorresponding to a media presentation. Specifically, the mediapresentation system 102 may receive a media segment from a client device104. Further, the media presentation system 102 may identify thereceived media segment as belonging to an existing media presentation.Next, the media presentation generator 210 may append the received mediafile to the identified media presentation.

In some example embodiments, the media presentation generator 210 mayappend a media segment to a media presentation by updating the mediapresentation file associated with the media presentation. For example,upon the media presentation system 102 receiving a media segment that isto be appended or added to an existing media presentation, the mediapresentation generator 210 may update the media presentation file topoint to the received media segment. For instance, the mediapresentation generator 210 may add a link or pointer to the location thereceived media segment is stored in the media presentation database 214.Accordingly, each time a media presentation is updated (e.g., a mediasegment is added, removed, or modified), the media presentationgenerator 210 may update the media presentation file corresponding tothe media presentation.

Because, in some embodiments, the media presentation generator 210generates media presentations by linking media segments together (e.g.,in a media presentation file), the media presentation generator 210 mayinclude the same media segment in numerous media presentations withoutstoring duplicate portions of the same media segment on the mediapresentation system 102 or on client devices. In other words, more thanone media presentation file may link or point to the same media segment.For example, a user can user the same media segment in several mediapresentations, and the media presentation system 102 may only store themedia segment once. As another example, multiple users may include thesame media segment (e.g., a popular or trending media segment) inseveral different media presentations, and the media presentation system102 may link to the same media segment in each of the several mediapresentations.

In an alternate embodiment, upon receiving a media segment that themedia presentation system 102 identifies as corresponding to an existingmedia presentation, the media presentation generator 210 may create anew media presentation that creates a new content file that includes theexisting media presentation content as well as the received mediasegment content. In this manner, each time a media segment is modified,updated, and/or removed, the media presentation generator 210 may createa new media presentation content file. Further, the media presentationgenerator 210 may overwrite or remove one or more previous versions of amedia presentation content file when a media presentation is updated.

Additionally, the media presentation generator 210 may create both anupdated media presentation file as well as an updated content file eachtime the media presentation generator 210 updates a media presentationwith another media segment. For example, the updated media presentationfile may point to the updated content file, as it is stored on the mediapresentation system 102. For example, the media presentation file mayinclude a single link that points to the media presentation content filestored on the media presentation system 102.

As mentioned above, the media presentation system 102 includes adistribution manager 212. In general, the distribution manager 212 sendsmedia presentations to users of the media presentation system 102. Oncethe distribution manager 212 determines to whom to distribute a mediapresentation, the distribution manager 212 may send the mediapresentation.

As described above, each media presentation may be associated with amedia presentation file. The distribution manager 212 may send the mediapresentation file to the client device 104. In some embodiments, thedistribution manager 212 may send the media presentation file inconnection with one or more media segments that belong to a mediapresentation. For example, the distribution manager 212 may send aminimum of media segment (e.g., the first media segment, the first threemedia segments, all media segment, etc.) or a maximum number of mediasegments (e.g., no more than three media segments, no more than 20megabytes worth of media segment) to the client device 104 when sendingthe media presentation file. If the distribution manager 212 is sendingan updated file to the client device 104, the distribution manager 212may include any updated media segments.

Alternatively, the distribution manager 212 may send the mediapresentation file without any accompanying media segments. In this case,the client device 104 may request one or more media segments when auser, via the client device 104, requests access to a media presentation(e.g., the user provides an interaction that indicates the user wants towatch a media presentation). In this manner, the distribution manager212 may send a media presentation file or updates to a mediapresentation file without sending larger media segment files to theclient device 104. Then when the client device 104 requests one or moremedia segments for a media presentation, the media presentation may sendor stream the media segments to the client device 104.

To illustrate, the distribution manager 212 sends a media presentationfile to client device 104 for a media presentation having a number ofmedia segments. When a user on the client device views the mediapresentation and/or activates the media presentation (described below),the client device 104 may accesses the media presentation file andidentify the media segments to request from the media presentationsystem 102. For instance, based on the media presentation file, theclient device 104 may request that the distribution manager 212 send orstream the first media segment. As such, the distribution manager 212accesses the media segments, for example, from the media presentationdatabase 214, and provides the first media segment to the client device104. While the user continues to watch the first media segment, theclient device may, based on the media presentation file, identify asecond media segment as being the next segment in the mediapresentation, and request the media presentation system 102 send thesecond media segment. Again, upon receiving the request, thedistribution manager 212 may provide the second media segment to theclient device 104. As such, the client device 104 may receive each mediasegment upon request, which may help a user preserve data transferlimits associated with the client device 104.

As mentioned above, in some example embodiments, the media presentationsystem 102 may create a single file for a media presentation rather thanlogically linking together numerous media segments. In theseembodiments, when a client device 104 requests the media presentation,the distribution manager 212 may access the media presentation in themedia presentation database 214 and provide the media presentation, or aportion thereof to the client device 104. Further, rather than sendingthe entire media presentation, the distribution manager 212 may streamrelevant portions of the media presentation to the client device 104upon the client device sending a request for the media presentation.

Additionally, or alternatively, upon the media presentation system 102receiving a media segment from a client device that is to be added orappended an existing media presentation, the media presentation system102 may distribute the received media segment to other client devicesthat currently include the media presentation. Specifically, in one ormore embodiments, after the media presentation system 102 identifies themedia presentation to which the received media segment corresponds, thedistribution manager 212 may identify the client devices (or usersassociated with the client devices) that have the existing mediapresentation and send the media segment to the identified clientdevices. In addition, as described above, the media presentation systemmay generate instructions to append a received media segment to anexisting media presentation. In this case, the distribution manager 212may send the instructions along with the newly received media segment tothe identified client devices.

Further, the distribution manager 212 can distribute media segmentsand/or media presentations through a variety of distribution channels.For example, in addition to distributing media presentations to users ofthe media presentation system 102, in some example embodiments, thedistribution manager 212 can distribute media presentations to anothersystem, such as a social networking system, a messaging application,and/or other systems or applications. For instance, the distributionmanager 212 may distribute a media presentation that a user createsthrough a social networking system to one or more of the user's socialnetworking connections (e.g., directly or through a plug-in thatintegrates the media presentation system 102 in the social networkingsystem). In some cases, the distribution manager 212 may post a mediapresentation on the newsfeeds of one or more social networking usersconnected to the users via the social networking system. In some exampleembodiments, the media presentation system 102 may allows other users tocompose (e.g., create a media segment or media presentation) or reply(e.g., add a media segment) to a media presentation via the socialnetworking system.

As shown in FIG. 2 the media presentation system 102 includes a mediapresentation database 214. The media presentation database 214 may storemedia segments and/or media presentations. The media presentationdatabase 214 can also store metadata associated with mediapresentations, such as the number of users that have accessed or viewedeach media presentation, the creator or contributors of each mediapresentation, date information associated with each media presentation,authorization information, user preference information, and any otherinformation associated with media presentations.

In addition to the media presentation database 214, and as shown in FIG.2, the media presentation system 102 can include the user profiledatabase 216. The media profile database 216 may store user informationcorresponding to each user in the media presentation system 102. Theuser profile database 216 may include a user profile for each user ofthe media presentation system 102. A user profile may include, but isnot limited to, biographic information, demographic information,behavioral information, social information, or other types ofdescriptive information, such as work experience, educational history,hobbies or preferences, interests, affinities, and/or locationinformation. As described above, user profile information may be linkedto corresponding profile information for a user stored by a socialnetworking system.

In addition to storing user information, the user profile database 216may store user relationship information between users with the mediapresentation system 102. The user relationship information may indicateusers who have similar or common work experience, group memberships,hobbies, educational history, and/or are in any way related or sharecommon attributes. The user relationship information may also includeuser-defined relationships between different users and content (e.g.,user defined friends, groups, etc.).

Further, the user profile database 216 may store preference settinginformation associated with each user. For example, the mediapresentation system call allow a user to set default preferences (e.g.,via a user preference setting interface). Example user preferencesettings can relate to user-defined default sharing preferences to applyto media presentations that a user creates. In one or more embodiments,for example, a user can define default preferences to apply to mediapresentations based on characteristic of a co-user, such as age, orbased on other characteristic or combination of characteristics of aco-user and/or the media presentation.

In addition to the above, in one or more embodiments, a user can setuser preferences on a user-per-user basis. For example, a user canindividually select one or more users that are authorized to appendmedia segments to media presentations created by the user. In addition,the user can select one or more users that can view, edit, remove,and/or forward media presentations the user creates. For instance, asupervisor user (e.g., parent user) can setup or otherwise manage ajunior user's preference settings (e.g., a child user) such that thesupervisor user always can view media presentations created by the childuser, as well as having authorization to edit, remove, or otherwisemanage media presentations or media segments the junior user creates. Inone or more embodiments, the supervisor user can lock the junior user'spreference settings with respect to the supervisor user (e.g., with apassword).

Returning to FIG. 2, the media presentation system 102 may communicatewith any number of client device(s) 104. For purposes of explanation,only one client device 104 will be described, but it is understood thatthe principles described can be applied to a plurality of client devicesassociated with any number of users. As illustrated in FIG. 2, theclient device 104 can include, but is not limited to, a user inputdetector 220, a user interface manager 222, a media segment creator 224,a media presentation manager 226, and a storage manager 228.

Each component of the client device 104 may be implemented using acomputing device including at least one processor executing instructionsthat cause the client device 104 to perform the processes describedherein. In one or more embodiments, the various components areimplemented using one or more applications installed and running on theclient device 104. In some embodiments, the components of the clientdevice 104 can be implemented by a client device alone, or acrossmultiple computing devices. Although a particular number of componentsare shown in FIG. 2, the client device 104 can include more componentsor can combine the components into fewer components (such as a singlecomponent), as may be desirable for a particular implementation.

The user input detector 220 can detect user interactions with a userinterface to determine user input (e.g., detecting a touch gesture on atouch screen corresponding to an interactive element of the userinterface). More specifically, the user input detector 220 can detect,identify, and/or receive user interactions and translate userinteractions into a user input (e.g., a user command or request). Asreferred to herein, a “user interaction” means a single interaction, orcombination of interactions, received from a user by way of one or moreinput devices. In some embodiments, the user input detector 220 cantranslate a combination of user interactions as a single user inputand/or translate a single user interaction into multiple user inputs.

For example, the user input detector 220 can detect a user interactionfrom a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or any other input device. In theevent a touch screen is used as an input device, the user input detector220 can detect one or more touch gestures (e.g., swipe gestures, tapgestures, pinch gestures, or reverse pinch gestures) that a userprovides to the touch screen. In one or more embodiments, a user canprovide one or more touch gestures in relation to and/or directed at oneor more graphical objects, items, or elements of a user interfacepresented on a touch screen. The user input detector 220 mayadditionally, or alternatively, receive data representative of a userinteraction. For example, the user input detector 220 can receive one ormore user configurable parameters from a user, one or more user commandsfrom a user, and/or any other suitable user input.

As mentioned above, client device 104 can include a user interfacemanager 222. In one or more embodiments, the user interface manager 222can utilize user input and/or other data received from a user (or sourcesimulating user input) to manage, control, and/or facilitate the use ofa user interface. In general, the user interface manager 222 canfacilitate the presentation (e.g., by way of a display screen associatedwith a client device 104) of a graphical user interface (or simply “userinterface”) for purposes of allowing a user to access the features andbenefits of the media presentation system 102. In particular, and inresponse to the user input (e.g., detected by the user interfacedetector 220), the user interface manager 222 can allow a user tocontrol a user interface to view, navigate, browse, search, edit,contribute to, share, re-share, and/or otherwise experience mediapresentations. Further, the user interface manager 222 can displaygraphical elements that a user interacts with in navigating mediapresentations in a media presentation list as well as capturing a mediasegment to include in a media presentation.

To illustrate, the user interface manager 222 can provide a userinterface that facilitates the display of one or more mediapresentations and/or graphical elements on the client device 104 (e.g.,on a display screen). In one or more embodiments, the user interfacemanager 222 can present a user interface as a user navigates within amedia presentation list. Further, the user interface manager 222 canchange the display of the user interface as a user scrolls through amedia presentation list, by providing one or more swipe gestures to atouch screen as described above.

In one or more embodiments, the user interface manager 222 can display athumbnail or preview of a media presentation to represent to the mediapresentation. For example, the user interface manager 222 can display animage (e.g., a representative frame) from a media presentation, such asthe first image of media segment to represent the media presentation.Alternatively, the user interface manager 222 may display the image ofthe last played frame or first unplayed frame to represent the mediapresentation.

In some example embodiments, a user can interact with a mediapresentation list by providing, via a touch screen displaying a userinterface, one or more vertical swipe gestures directed toward the mediapresentation list, as will be further discussed below with respect tobelow figures. In alternative embodiments, the user interface manager222 can allow a user to navigate a media presentation list using othernavigation techniques, such as flipping through media presentations(e.g., turning a graphical representation of a page with each pagecorresponding to a different media presentation).

In addition to allowing a user to manually navigate or browse a mediapresentation list, the user interface manager 222 can present a mediapresentation to the user. In particular, the user interface manager 222can play a media presentation, including one or more media segments, onthe display of the client device 104. As described below, the mediapresentation manager 226 may provide media segments and/or mediapresentations for the user interface manager 222 to display.

In one or more embodiments of the user interface manager 222 can causethe client device 104 to present a search interface that allows a usersearch for specific media presentations based on a variety of user inputthat may relate to characteristics of media presentations. In one ormore embodiments, for example, a user can search for media presentationsbased on media presentation creator (e.g., a username, contactinformation, phone number, email address, or other identifier), mediapresentation content (e.g., users tagged in the presentation, topic ofpresentation), title of a media presentation, date associated with amedia presentation, and/or any other identifiable characteristic of amedia presentation. For example, the user interface manager 222 canprovide a query input field, a display of suggested search terms, and/orprovide a modified feed of media presentations based on resultant mediapresentations identified in response to the user's search query.

In addition to allowing a user to browse, search or otherwise navigate aplurality of media presentations within a media presentation list, insome example embodiments, the user interface manager 222 may present anotification to a user when a media presentation is posted or updated.The interface manager 222 may present the notification as an alert,message, banner, icon, sound, etc. Further, the interface manager 222may only display a limited number of notifications as well as displaynotifications for only certain media presentations, such as for mediapresentations that the user is participating in, or from co-users whomthe user is following, etc.

In some example embodiments, the interface manager 222 may display alive image or video currently being captured by the client device 104.For example, when a user is capturing a media segment, the interfacemanager 222 may display the media segment as the media segment is beingcaptured. The interface manager 222 may also display user interfaceelements on the display in connecting with the user capturing a mediasegment.

As illustrated in FIG. 2 and as mentioned above, the client device 104includes a media segment creator 224. In general, the media segmentcreator 224 assists a user in capturing or otherwise obtaining a mediasegment to add to a media presentation. For example, the media segmentcreator 224 can use the client device 104 to capture a media segment.Alternatively, the media segment creator 224 may assist a user inselecting a previously stored media segment.

To illustrate, in some example embodiments, the media segment creator224 can use a camera and/or microphone (if present) on the client device104 to capture an image, video, and/or audio. For instance, a user maycapture a digital photo using the client device 104 or may record avideo with audio using the client device 104. Further, the user can viewor replay the captured media segment and choose to accept and share themedia segment within a media presentation, or can delete or recapturethe media segment.

Rather than capturing a new media segment, the user can use the mediasegment creator 224 to obtain an existing image, video, and/or audiosegment to add to a media presentation. For example, the media segmentcreator 224 may allow a user to select a media segment stored on theuser's client device. Additionally or alternatively, the media segmentcreator 224 may allow the user to select a media segment stored on anetwork device or online (e.g., a media segment accessible on cloudstorage).

In some example embodiments, the media segment creator 224 can providethe ability for a user to edit and/or modify a captured video. Forinstance, the media segment creator 224 may allow a user to edit acaptured image or video. Examples of editing include applying themes,coloring, modifying the runtime of a media segment, adding text orgraphics, etc. To illustrate, the media segment creator 224 mayfacilitate one or more options for a user to add text to a mediasegment. As another illustration, the media segment creator 224 mayallow a user to define the duration of a captured video, or extract aportion of a video to capture a media segment. Additional detailregarding editing a media segment or media presentation is describedbelow in connection with FIG. 5.

Upon capturing a media segment, the media segment creator 224 may storethe media segment on the client device 104 and/or on a network device oronline (e.g., a media segment accessible on cloud storage). For example,the media segment creator 224 may store the media segment in the mediapresentation database 214, described below. Further, the media segmentcreator 224 may provide a copy of the media segment to the mediapresentation system 102, as described above.

As mentioned above, the media presentation system 102 includes a mediapresentation manager 226. In general, the media presentation manager 226organizes media presentations within the media presentation list as wellas organizes media segments within each media presentation. Further, thepresentation manager 226 facilities the presentation of one or moremedia presentations to a user in response to user input. In addition,the presentation manager 226 assists a user in managing mediapresentations. For example, the media presentation manager 226 can addmedia segments to a media presentation. Further, the media presentationmanager 226 can enable the user to set conditions, permissions, and/orrestrictions on media presentations. Additional detail regarding themedia presentation manager 226 will now be provided.

The presentation manager 226 may organize media presentations within amedia presentation list based on information received from the mediapresentation system 102. For example, the presentation manager 226 mayarrange media presentations in the media presentation list according torecency of each media presentation, such as in a media presentationfeed. To illustrate, when a new media presentation is shared with auser, or when a previously shared media presentation is updated, thepresentation manager 226 may arrange the media presentation feed todisplay the new or updated media presentation before older mediapresentations. Alternatively, the presentation manager 226 may arrangeor rank the media presentation list based on other criteria, such asmedia presentation title, creator, age of the media presentation,presentation length, contributors, number of contributors, indication asa favorite, etc. In some example embodiments, the presentation manager226 can enable a user to define, through user preferences, how thepresentation manager 226 organizes, arranges, and/or ranks the mediapresentation list.

In addition to organizing media presentations within a mediapresentation list, in some cases, the presentation manager 226 mayorganize media segments within a media presentation. For example, themay promote a popular media segment within a media presentation. Thepopularity can be based on popularity among a select group of users(e.g., friends of the user, co-users inn the same state or country asthe user) or globally among all users of the media presentation system102. Further, the presentation manager 226 may promote or prioritize amedia segment that is sponsored or that advertises a product or service.In some cases, the prioritizing of the advertisement media segment maybe based on the user's (or users similar to the user) interest in theproduct or service, as gathered from user profile information.

Further, the presentation manager 226 can also organize media segmentswithin a media presentation. For example, the presentation manager 226may move a media segment in a media presentation to the end of the mediapresentation based on the number of times a user views the mediasegment. For example, if a user views a media segment a threshold numberof times, the presentation manager 226 may modify a media segmentpresentation order so that the media segment plays after other mediasegments in the media presentation that the user has viewed less. Asanother example, the presentation manager 226 may filter out a mediasegment from a media presentation that the user has viewed x number oftimes by the user. For instance, the presentation manager 226 may skip afrequently viewed media segment, or move the media segment to the end ofthe media presentation when the user has viewed the media segment athreshold number of times.

Further, the presentation manager 226 may update a media presentationupon receiving modifications and/or changes from either a user or themedia presentation system 102. For example, if a user deletes, edits, oradds a media segment to a media presentation, the presentation manager226 may reflect the deletion, edit, or addition to the mediapresentation in the media presentation list. In addition, the mediapresentation manager 226 can send information or data regarding themodification of the media presentation list to the media presentationsystem 102, and the media presentation system 102 can distribute themodification to other users. Similarly, when the media presentationsystem 102 sends an updated media segment to the client device 104, thepresentation manager 226 may incorporate the updated media segments intocorresponding media segments. Further, when the media presentationsystem 102 sends information to update or delete a media segment in amedia presentation, the presentation manager 226 apply the modificationto the media presentation.

While the presentation manager 226 generally provides a single mediapresentation list, in an alternate embodiment, the presentation manager226 may provide numerous media presentation lists on the client device104. For example, the presentation manager 226 may present a mediapresentation list of media presentations shared among friends andanother media presentation list of media presentations shared amongfamily members. To further illustrate, the presentation manager 226 mayprovide numerous media presentation lists that are arranged by category,theme, topic, creator, contributors, date created, etc.

In general, the presentation manager 226 only plays one mediapresentation at a time. For example, the presentation manager 226 mayfully display one media presentation to the user at a time and thusplays the fully displayed media presentation. In some exampleembodiments, however, the presentation manager 226 may be able todisplay more than one media presentation to a user. In theseembodiments, the presentation manager 226 may determine which mediapresentation(s) to play or allow the user to indicate which mediapresentation(s) to play.

Further, the presentation manager 226 may facilitate playing, pausing,skipping, and/or repeating, media segments, or portions of mediasegments, within a particular media presentation in response to userinput. Specifically, in response to the media presentation system 102detecting touch gestures, the media presentation manager 226 can providenavigational features based on the detected touch gesture. For example,if a user provides a right-to-left swipe gesture, the media presentationmanager 226 can repeat the previously played media segment. As anotherexample, if a user provides a tap gesture, the media presentationmanager 226 can skip the remaining portion of the media segmentcurrently playing and begin playing the next media segment in the mediapresentation. Thus, if a media presentation includes a number of mediasegments, the media presentation manager 226 can allow a user to quicklynavigate among the media segments.

In additional example embodiments, in response to a user providing adouble tap gesture, the media presentation manager 226 can pause themedia presentation. In yet another example, if a user provides aleft-to-right swipe gesture, the media presentation manager 226 canprovide an information page regarding the current media segment or mediapresentation (e.g., information associated with the user thatcontributed a particular media segment, details of the media segmentsuch as date created, length, etc.). The above example gestures areprovided as examples only, and one or more embodiments can include thesame or additional gestures associated with the same or otherfunctionality, as described herein.

When the presentation manager 226 pauses or moves away form a mediapresentation due to user navigational input, the presentation manager226 may display an image of the last played frame or next unplayed frameof the media presentation to represent the media presentation. In thismanner, the user can visually see the current position of a mediapresentation that is not actively playing. Further, when a usernavigates back to the paused media presentation, displaying an image ofthe last played frame or next unplayed frame of the media presentationcan help the user transition back into the presentation of the mediapresentation as the presentation manager 226 resumes play of the mediapresentation.

As mentioned above, the media presentation system 102 may provide searchfunctionality that allows a user to search or discover mediapresentations not currently shared with the user. For example, thepresentation manager 226 may enable a user to discover popular,trending, or featured media presentations that users of the mediapresentation system 102 have made public. For instance, the presentationmanager 226 may enable a “discover tab” that a user may select to viewone or more popular, trending, or featured media presentations. Inanother instance, the presentation manager 226 may provide channels thatallow users to discover different categories of media presentations,such as comedy, news, the arts, music, culture, etc. Further, thepresentation manager 226 may allow a user to discover other mediapresentations by creator demographics (age, residency, nationality,topic, channel, category, recency, popularity (e.g., number of viewers),trends (e.g., within the last hour, 12 hours, 24-hours, or anotherspecified amount of time), location, interests, etc.

In some instances, the media presentation system 102 may automaticallygenerate discoverable media presentations. The user and/or the mediapresentation system 102 may specify an ephemeral or lasting discoverytime period for media segments and/or media presentations, such aswithin the last hour, 12 hours, 24-hours, or another specified amount oftime. In other instances, an administrator or editor (e.g., a humancurator) associated with the media presentation system 102 or associatedwith a third-party (e.g., a social networking system or messagingapplication) may select one or more discoverable media segments and/ormedia presentations.

In addition to allowing users to search and discover other publiclyavailable media presentations, in some example embodiments, thepresentation manager 226 may enable a user to discover mediapresentations of other users of the media presentation system 102 thatare in a specified proximity of the user. For example, if the user is atan event, the presentation manager 226 may allow the user to discovermedia presentations from other users at the event, as further describedbelow. Further, the presentation manager 226 may enable a user todiscover other users who are at, or have created a media presentation ata particular location, such as a park, school, point of interest, etc.

In one or more embodiments, the presentation manager 226 may provide auser with additional information about co-users of the mediapresentation system 102. For example, the presentation manager 226 maygenerate a list of co-users who have contributed to a mediapresentation, as further described below. Further, the presentationmanager 226 may facilitate the user to see a list of other co-userswithin a media presentation. Upon selecting a co-user in a mediapresentation, the presentation manager 226 may present a user profile ofthe selected co-user to the user, as further described below.

The presentation manager 226 may also allow a user to tag as a favoriteor mark media presentations or media segments within a mediapresentation, as further described below. For instance, the presentationmanager 226 may compile a media presentation that includes mediasegments that the user has tagged as favorite media segments. Thepresentation manager 226 may enable the user to share the favoritesmedia presentation with other users. Alternatively, the presentationmanager 226 may not provide the option to a user to share the favoritesmedia presentation with other users.

The presentation manager 226 can also allow a user to “like” individualmedia segments within a media presentation as well as “like” the mediasegment as a whole. By indicating a preference for one or more mediasegments within a media presentation, the creator of the mediapresentation can promote (e.g., move up) a well-liked media segment witha media presentation or remove a media segment altogether that receiveslittle or no likes after a set number of views.

In addition to adding a “like” to a media segment or a mediapresentation, the presentation manager 226 may allow a user to preserve,or lock, a media presentation as it had been presented to the user. Forexample, if a user forwards a media presentation to a co-user to viewthe media presentation, by the time the co-user views the mediapresentation, the media presentation may have changed due to additionalmedia segments being added to the media presentation. As such, in someexample embodiments, the user may select particular media segments, orlock a media presentation as presented to the user, and share theselected or locked media presentation to co-users, or add the lockedmedia presentation to their profile. In this manner, the user mayprovide the same media presentation to co-users without worry that themedia presentation will change before the co-users have an opportunityto view the media presentation.

Along similar lines, the user may desire to view media segments within amedia presentation from a set duration of time. As such, thepresentation manager 226 may enable the user to filter which mediasegments the presentation manager 226 presents to the user. For example,the user may specify to view media segment from a media presentationthat were added to the media presentation around a specific time period,such as media segments added in the last 24-hours, media segments addedon January 24, or media segments added between 8:00 am on March 25 and5:00 pm March 27.

In some example embodiments, the media presentation manager 226 mayenable a user who creates or manages a media presentation to control thearrangement of media segments within the media presentation. Forinstance, the media presentation manager 226 may allow the user toindicate a specific presentation order for media segments in the mediapresentation.

In addition to a user indicating a presentation order, the mediapresentation manager 226 may allow a user to specify that a particularmedia segment be presented in a particular manner. For example, if theuser includes an advertisement media segment in a media presentation,the user may specify that the advertisement media segment always bepresented last in the media presentation, even when other co-users addmedia segments to the media presentation.

In some instances, the media presentation manager 226 may allow the userto specify if the media presentation should play media segments in aparticular order, such as the media presentation playing media segmentsin the order in which the media segments were added, in reverse order,randomized. Additionally or alternatively, the media presentationmanager 226 may enable a user who created the media presentation toinstruct the media presentation manager 226 to always present specificmedia segments in the media presentation (e.g., the first media segmentcreated by the user, a media segment that advertises a product, etc.),regardless of other rules and conditions imposed by the user.

Not only can a user that creates a media presentation providepreferences to the media presentation manager 226 for presenting a mediapresentation, a user who receives media presentations can specifyviewing and presentation preferences. To illustrate, a user thatreceives one or more media presentations may specify to the mediapresentation manager 226 to play media presentations in a particularorder (e.g., in the order in which the media segments were added, inreverse order, randomized). Further, the media presentation manager 226may allow a user to specify that only media segments added in the lastday, week, month, etc., be played when presenting the media presentationto the user. For instance, if a media presentation has fifty mediasegments, but only eight added in the last week, the media presentationmanager 226 may allow the user to specify to display the last week ofmedia segments when presenting the media presentation to the user.Similarly, the media presentation manager 226 may allow the user torequest that the media presentation manager 226 only present mediasegments that meet a threshold number of likes from co-users (e.g.,don't present any media segments that do not have over x likes after thefirst week and x+y likes after the second week).

In addition to enabling users to set presentation preferences, the mediapresentation manager 226 may provide a user with the ability to editmedia presentations created or managed by the user. For example, themedia presentation manager 226 may enable the user to remove one or moremedia segments from a media presentation. To illustrate, upon otherco-users adding a media segment to a media presentation created by theuser, the media presentation manager 226 can enable the user (i.e., thecreator) to remove one of the media segments added by the other users.For example, the user may remove the media segment in response toviewing the segment and determining that the segment does not belong inthe media presentation. Additionally or alternatively, the user mayremove the segment in response to other users flagging the media segmentfor removal. For instance, one or more co-users may tag a media segmentin the media presentation as inappropriate. In response, the user mayreview and remove the media segment using the media presentation manager226.

The media presentation manager 226 may also enable a user who created amedia presentation to specify which co-users can view the mediapresentation as well as which co-users can contribute (e.g., add a mediasegment) to the media presentation. More specifically, the mediapresentation manager 226 can enable the user to grant viewing access ofthe media presentation to one or more co-users. The user may grantaccess by selecting co-users such as individual co-users, a definedgroup of users (e.g., “friends,” “family,” “co-workers,” “classmates,”etc.), or the public at large to view the media presentation that theuser created.

In some example embodiments, the media presentation manager 226 mayprovide the user a list of co-users to share a media presentation withbased on the user's social networking contacts. For example, the mediapresentation manager 226 may interface with a social networking systemto identify potential social networking users with whom the user canshare a media presentation. In this manner, if a user views a mediapresentation that he or she likes, the user can easily share or re-sharethe media presentation with a preselected group of social networkingcontacts (g friends, family, co-workers, classmates, etc.). Further, insome instances, the media presentation manager 226 can share the mediapresentation via the social networking system if the user has selectedone or more social networking users with which to share user-createdmedia presentation.

In addition, the media presentation manager 226 can recommend otherusers with whom to share the media presentation based on a number offactors. For example, the media presentation manager 226 may recommendthe user share a media presentation with co-users who are within aspecified age range of the user. For example, if the user is a teenager,the authorization manager media presentation manager 226 may identifyother teenagers and determine who among the identified teenagers areauthorized to view the media presentation. In another embodiment, themedia presentation manager 226 may identify the topic of the mediapresentation and recommend other users that share the same or similartopics. Further, the media presentation manager 226 may identifyco-users who are proximate to the user.

Further, the user may specify that a media segment added to the mediapresentation satisfy a particular maturity rating level. For instance,based on the maturity rating level set by the user, the mediapresentation manager 226 may require that co-users post only mediasegments that are appropriate for all children 12 years of age andunder. In another instance, the user may specify that co-users must beover 21 to view the media presentation and/or add a media segment to themedia presentation. For instance, a co-user may need to authenticate(e.g., enter a password or otherwise verify themselves) before theco-user is shown the media presentation flagged with adult content.

Additionally, the media presentation manager 226 may allow a user whocreates a media presentation to permit or authorize one or more co-usersto edit media presentations created by the user. For example, if theuser is an entity (e.g., a business, company, or corporation), the usermay authorize one or more co-users to edit media presentations createdby the entity, such as approving media segments that co-users want toadd to the media presentation created by the entity or deleting mediasegments tagged as inappropriate. Additionally, the media presentationmanager 226 can enable a user who has extended permission to one or moreco-users to revoke permissions at any time, or to only grantauthorization for a limited time (e.g., permission expires after oneweek, if not renewed).

In addition to allowing a user to grant co-user permission to managemedia presentations the user creates, in some example embodiments, themedia presentation manager 226 may provide analytics to a user regardingmedia segments in a media presentation. For example, the mediapresentation manager 226 may indicate to a user the number of co-usersthat have viewed a media presentation created by the user. As anotherexample, the media presentation manager 226 may provide the user thenumber of times a media segment has been liked, skipped, hidden, muted,removed, and/or replayed. For instance, when a media segment has beenhidden or removed a threshold number of times (e.g., over 20 times, orby 60% of co-users that have access to the media presentation, etc.),the media presentation manager 226 may suggest to the user to remove themedia segment from the media presentation. The media presentationmanager 226 may provide additional analytics to the user to assist theuser in improving a media presentation shared with other users.

In some example embodiments, the presentation manager 226 may allow auser to report a media segment as inappropriate, as further describedbelow. For example, a co-user may report that a media segment includesinappropriate content, such as content suitable only for adults. When auser flags a media segment as misappropriate, the presentation manager226 may skip the media segment for the user that reported the mediasegment as inappropriate as well as for other co-users who have accessto the media segment.

Similarly, the presentation manager 226 may also hide media segmentswithin a media presentation that do not meet a maturity settingspecified by a user, as further described below. For example, a user mayindicate that he or she does not want to view any content that containsmature material above a certain rating. As such, the presentationmanager 226 may automatically skip media segments that are flagged bythe creator or the media segment or by other viewers of the mediasegment as containing mature material. The presentation manager 226 mayindicate to the user that a media segment has been skipped.Alternatively, the presentation manager 226 may remove the inappropriatemedia segment from the media presentation presented to the user havingthe maturity rating enabled.

Along the same lines, the presentation manager 226 may enable a viewinguser to hide a media segment from a media presentation that the userdoes not want to view when re-watching a media presentation. Similarly,the presentation manager 226 may enable a user to hide, or remove amedia presentation altogether from the user's media presentation list.For example, the presentation manager 226 may present a mediapresentation that the user is not interested in viewing. In response,the user can select an option to archive, hide, and/or delete the mediapresentation from the user's media presentation list. The presentationmanager 226 may then remove the media presentation from the user's mediapresentation list and not provide updates when other co-users add mediasegments to the removed media presentation.

FIG. 2 also illustrates a storage manager 228. The storage manager 228may include media presentations 230 and user preferences 232. Forexample, the storage manager 228 may store media presentations sharedwith the user associated with the client device 104 as well as mediapresentation system created by the user. The storage manager 228 maycommunicate with the media presentation system 102 to send mediasegments, media presentations, and/or user information between theclient device 104 and the media presentation system 102. For instance,the storage manager 228 may receive one or more media segments from themedia presentation database 214. Similarly, the storage manager 228 maysend user preferences to the user profile database 216 on the mediapresentation system 102.

The media presentation 102 may, in one or more embodiments,automatically create a media presentation 102 using media segmentspreviously captured by users of the media presentation system 102. Forexample, multiple users may capture media segments using theirrespective client devices. The media presentation system 102 may thenidentify that one or more of the captured media segments are related,and combine the related media segments into a media presentation.

To illustrate, FIG. 3 provides a sequence-flow diagram showinginteractions between multiple client devices, such as the first clientdevice 104 a and the second client device 104 b, and the mediapresentation system 102 in accordance with one or more embodiments. Thefirst client device 104 a and the second client device 104 b may beexample embodiments of the first client device 104 a and the secondclient device 104 b described with regard to FIG. 1. Further, the mediapresentation system 102 may correspond to the media presentation system102 described herein.

The sequence-flow diagram may provide one example of the mediapresentation system 102 automatically generating a media presentationusing previously captured media segments. As shown in step 310, thefirst client device may capture a first media segment. For example, auser using the first client device may capture a digital photo, record avideo, capture an audio clip, etc. Upon capturing the first mediasegment, the first client device 104 a may store the first mediasegment. The first client device 104 a may store a captured mediasegment locally, such as in internal memory, or store the captured mediasegment externally, such as on a memory card or stick. Additionally oralternatively, the first client device may store a media segmentremotely, such as on a cloud-based storage system. In one or moreembodiments, instead of capturing the first media segment, a user canlocate a previously captured media segment to use as the first mediasegment. For example, the first client device 104 a may provide the useraccess to the first media segment, such as through a photo album orother application.

The first client device 104 a may allow the user to associateinformation with the first media segment upon accessing the mediasegment. For example, the first client device 104 a may allow the userto tag (e.g., hashtag, location tag, labels, etc.) the first mediasegment to indicate people, a location, an event, a topic, or otherinformation associated with the first media segment. Further, the firstclient device 104 a may allow the user to append annotations (e.g.,description, comments, text, graphics, emojis, pictogram, etc.) to thefirst media segment.

In addition to a user associating information with the first mediasegment, the first client device 104 a can derive information from thefirst media segment itself (e.g., auto-tag the media segment). Forexample, the first client device 104 a may analyze the media segment toobtain additional information about the media segment, such asperforming image recognition (described in additional detail below) toidentify elements in the media segment, such as words, faces, objects,scenery, etc. After identifying elements in the first media segment, thefirst client device 104 a may associate the identified elements (e.g.,auto-tag people, locations, objects, words, etc.) with the first mediasegment. Information about the first media segment may include dataabout the media segment itself, such as the media segment's media type(e.g., image, video, and audio recording), size, resolution, frame rate,megapixels, creation date, modification date, tags, metadata and/orother data about the media segment.

Additionally, or in the alternative, the first client device 104 a cansend the first media segment itself to the media presentation system102, and the media presentation system 102 may analyze the first mediasegment to obtain information with respect to the first media segment.For example, the media presentation system 102 can analyze the contentof the first media segment, analyze data file attributes, and or otheridentifiable data or characteristics of the first media segment. Inaddition, as with the first client device 104 a, the media presentationsystem 102 can associate the any information with the first mediasegment for later use by the media presentation system 102, as furtherdescribed below.

Regardless of the source of the media segment information, the mediapresentation system 102 can maintain receive and/or maintain mediasegment information. For example, and as shown in FIG. 3, the firstclient device 104 a may provide media segment information to the mediapresentation system 102. For instance, step 312 illustrates the firstclient device 104 a sending information for the first media segment tothe media presentation system 102. In one or more embodiments, only thefirst media segment information is sent to the media presentationsystem, while the first client device 104 a maintains the media segmentitself. Additionally, the first client device 104 a can send both thefirst media segment and the information associated with the first mediasegment (e.g., within metadata of the first media segment).

Just as the user of the first client device 104 a can capture a mediasegment, other users of the media presentation system 102 can alsocapture media segments. To illustrate, in step 314, another user can usethe second client device 104 b to capture a second media segment. Inparticular, a co-user using the second client device 104 b may capture asecond media segment. The second client device 104 b may store as wellas provide the user with access to the second media segment, asdescribed above. Further, the second client device 104 b may similarlycollect, obtain, and send information associated with the second mediasegment to the media presentation system 102, as shown in step 316.

After collecting or otherwise obtaining information regarding variousmedia segments from multiple client devices, the media presentationsystem 102 may compare the information associated with each of thevarious media segments to each other and identify potentialcommonalities between one or more media segments. To illustrate, step318 shows the media presentation system 102 identifying commonalitiesbetween the first media segment and the second media segment. Inparticular, the media presentation system 102 may identify commonalitiesby comparing the information associated with the first media segment tothe information associated with the second media segment to determinewhether the information associated with the first media segment matchesinformation associated with the second media segment.

In one or more embodiments, the media presentation system 102 cancompare a single type of information between two or more media segments.For example, the media presentation system 102 may identify the firstmedia segment and the second media segment were captured at the samelocation by comparing GPS information. As another example, the mediapresentation system 102 may identify if one or more annotations or tagsbetween the first media segment and the second media segment match(e.g., both media segment share the same hashtag and/or location tag).Additionally, the media presentation system 102 may compare people(e.g., by way of tagging or recognition) in the first media segment withpeople in the second media segment to determine if a particular personis present in both the first media segment and the second media segment.

In addition to comparing a single type of information associated withmedia segments, the media presentation system 102 can compare acombination of information types to determine a commonality between thefirst media segment and the second media segment. For example, the mediapresentation system 102 can compare both GPS information as well astimestamp information to determine the first and second media segmentswere captured near the same location and at approximately the same time.Thus, based on the GPS information and the timestamp informationmatching or otherwise indicating a commonality (e.g., GPS and timestampinformation that does not exactly match, but is within some thresholddistance and time period, respectively), the media presentation system102 can determine that the first media segment and the second mediasegment are related based on the identified commonality with thecombination of information types (e.g., GPS and timestamp information).

The media presentation system 102 may also determine whether the userand the co-user (e.g., the users associated with the first and secondclient devices 104 a and 104 b) are connected via the media presentationsystem 102 or are otherwise socially connected (e.g., connected via asocial networking system). Further, the media presentation system 102may perform additional comparisons between the first media segment andthe second media segment and/or the user and co-user of the first andsecond client devices to identify associations and commonalities thatindicate a potential relation between the first media segment and thesecond media segment.

After identifying one or more commonalities between two media segments,as shown in step 320, the media presentation system 102 may make adetermination whether the first media segment and the second mediasegment are related based on the identified commonalities. For example,the media presentation system 102 may determine that two media segmentsare related only upon determining that a minimum number ofcommonalities. For instance, the media presentation system 102 mayrequire the identification of three (3) or more commonalities betweentwo media segments before determining that the media segments arerelated. To illustrate, if the media presentation system 102 onlymatches GPS coordinates and time stamp information between two mediasegments, the media presentation system 102 may need to identify anadditional commonality before determining that the two media segmentsare related. In such a case, for example, the media presentation system102 may also identify that the users who captured the media segments aresocially connected (e.g., on a social networking system), or need tomatch multiple tags (e.g., user-provided tags, hashtags, locations tags,etc.) between the two media segments before determining that the mediasegments are related.

In addition to determining a relation between two media segments basedon a number of identified commonalities, the media presentation system102 can also determine a relation between media segments by weightingthe significance of commonality factors. For example, the mediapresentation system 102 can weight identified commonalities within acalculation or algorithm to determine a relationship score. Based on therelationship score, the media presentation 102 can determine if the twomedia presentations are related (e.g., when the relationship scoreexceed a defined value). In some instances, for example, the mediapresentation system 102 may apply different weighting to factors whendetermining whether two or more media segments are related. For example,the media presentation system 102 may decrease the significance of someidentified commonalities, while increasing the significance of otheridentified commonalities. For example, the media presentation system 102may place greater weight user-provided people tags compared to peopletags based on a facial recognition analysis.

Once the media presentation system 102 determines that two mediasegments are related, the media presentation system 102 may optionallyprompt the user, via the first client device 104 a, to allow the mediapresentation system 102 to create a media presentation, as step 322illustrates. In addition, or in the alternative to prompting the user,the media presentation system 102 may prompt the co-user to allow themedia presentation system 102 to automatically create a mediapresentation based on related media segments. As part of prompting auser for approval to generate a media presentation, the mediapresentation system 102 may provide a preview of the media presentationto the user. For example, the media presentation system 102 may provideone or more still frame images or portions of each media segment to beincluded in the media presentation to the user. If the user grantsapproval, the user, via the first client device 104 a, may send anindication of approval to the media presentation system 102 to createthe media presentation, as shown in step 324.

In step 326, the media presentation system 102 may create or generatethe media presentation using the first media segment and the secondmedia segment. In some cases, the media presentation system 102 mayautomatically generate a media presentation based on two or more mediasegments that the media presentation system 102 identifies as relatedwithout first seeking user approval. For example, once the mediapresentation system 102 determines that a one or more media segments arerelated, the media presentation system 102 may generate a mediapresentation that includes the one or more related media segments.

After creating a media presentation that includes one or more relatedmedia segments, the media presentation system 102 can send the mediapresentation to the client devices associated with each of the one ormore related media segments included in the media presentation (e.g.,the user and the co-user associated with the first client device 104 aand the second client device 104 b). As shown in step 328, the mediapresentation system 102 may provide the media presentation to the userand co-user via the first client device 104 a and the second clientdevice 104 b. The user and/or co-user may then decide to further share(e.g., re-share) the media presentation with other users, such asselected users or a preselected group of users (e.g., friends, family,neighbors, classmates, coworkers, etc.). For instance, if only the userreceives the media presentation, the user may decide to share the mediapresentation with co-user and/or other co-users connected to the uservia the media presentation system 102. In one or more embodiments, themedia presentation system 102 may automatically send the mediapresentation to one or more other users identified in the media segments(e.g., tagged users) and/or one or more other users connected to theuser and/or co-user of the first client device 104 a and second clientdevice 104 b (e.g., per a user settings and preferences).

The following detailed example illustrates how the media presentationsystem 102 may automatically generate a media presentation based onidentified related media segments. Two friends, Ellie and Clara, aregoing to a party on a Friday night, where they will meet up with otherfriends. While getting ready for the party, during the party, and afterthe party, Ellie and Clara take a number of pictures and videos withtheir mobile phones. When capturing photos and videos, Ellie and Claraoften tag each other and other friends in the photos and videos. Ellieand Clara also add a hashtag to the pictures and videos, such as#Ellie&Clara. Further, other friends of Ellie and Clara also takepictures and videos at the party.

The media presentation system 102 may receive information correspondingto each picture and video that Ellie and Clara capture. Using theinformation, the media presentation system 102 may identify matchesbetween many of them (match factors such as location, descriptions,tags, capture time, etc.) and determine that a number of them arerelated. The media presentation system 102 may also determine thatpictures and videos captured by other friends at the party are relatedto pictures and videos taken by Ellie and/or Clara. Using a group ofrelated pictures and videos, the media presentation system 102 mayautomatically create a media presentation and send the created mediapresentation to Ellie and/or Clara. For instance, the media presentationsystem 102 may send a notification to Clara that a new mediapresentation is in her media presentation list. The media presentationsystem 102 may ask or prompt Clara whether she would like to share themedia presentation with Ellie and/or with other co-users, such asfriends at the party.

Further, the media presentation system 102 may allow Clara to edit themedia presentation before sharing it with other users. In some cases,the media presentation system 102 may give other co-users the ability toedit their own media segments included in the media presentation. Asshown in this example, the media presentation system 102 mayautomatically generate a media presentation based on related contentcaptured by multiple users.

As another example, Ellie and Clara may be participating in a videoconversation with each other. Other friends may also join in theconversation. The media presentation system 102 may identify variousrelated video segments from the video conversation and automaticallygenerate a media presentation. Ellie and/or Clara may then share themedia presentation with others.

Although in some cases the users may be connected and know each other,in other examples implementations, a media presentation can includemedia segments from user's that are not previously connected. Forexample, the media presentation system 102 may identify a number ofusers, possibly unconnected users (e.g., the users are not connectedwithin the media presentation system 102 or within a social networkingsystem) that are at the same location or participating in similaractivities. In response, the media presentation system 102 may generatea media presentation based on related media segments captured by theseusers. To illustrate, a group of users of the media presentation system102 may be spending a Sunday afternoon at Delores Park in San Francisco,Calif. Each user may capture one or more media segments. The mediapresentation system 102 may identify the captured media segments asbeing related and automatically generate a media presentation to sharewith the group of users at the park. One will appreciate that a varietyof situations between users can cause the media presentation system 102to automatically create media presentations based on related mediasegments.

FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method 400 for automaticallycreating a media presentation based on related media segments inaccordance with one or more embodiments. The method 400 includes an act402 of receiving information associated with a first media segment froma first client device. The method 400 also includes an act 404 ofreceiving information associated with a second media segment from asecond client device. The method 400 further includes an act 406 ofdetermining whether the first media segment and the second media segmentare related based on comparing the information associated with a firstmedia segment to the information associated with a second media segment.In addition, the method 400 includes an act 408 of receiving the firstmedia segment from the first client device and the second media segmentfrom the second client device. The method 400 also includes an act 410of generating a media presentation that includes the first media segmentand the second media segment. Further, the method 400 includes the act412 of providing the media presentation to the first client device andthe second client device.

With reference now to FIG. 5, and as briefly mentioned above, the mediapresentation system 102 may allow a user to edit a media segment (e.g.,a captured media segment prior to inclusion in a media presentation, auser's media segment in a media presentation, or another user's mediasegment in a media presentation based on receiving authorization fromthe other user). To illustrate, FIG. 5 shows a client device 500 thatcan present a graphical user interface 502 (or “GUI 502”) by way of atouch screen 504. In some instances, the GUI 502 can be a graphical userinterface for a mobile application. For example, the client device 500can execute an application that facilitates interactions with the mediapresentation system 102 described in connection with FIG. 1.

Further, the client device 500 illustrated in FIG. 5 may be an exampleembodiment of the first client device 104 a or the second client device104 b described in connection with FIG. 1. For example, the user 110 mayuse the client device 500 to interact with the media presentation system102 via a mobile media presentation or social networking application.Further, while the computing device of FIG. 5 illustrates a mobiledevice, one will appreciate that a media presentation application may beexecuted on other types of computing devices, such as the computing andclient devices described below in connection with FIGS. 24-25.

The GUI 502 may include one or more graphical user interface areas thatdisplay content to a user. As shown in FIG. 5, the GUI 502 may include afirst graphical user interface area 506 a (or “first area 506 a”), asecond graphical user interface area 506 b (or “second area 506 b”), anda third graphical user interface area 506 c (or “third area 506 c”). Itshould be noted that the client device 500 may include any number ofgraphical user interface areas. In addition, the first area 506 a,second area 506 b, and the third area 506 c may move each within the GUI502 and, in some cases, move out of the GUI 502. For example, a user mayscroll or navigate within the GUI 502 to view more of the third area 506c, which in turn moves the first area 506 a beyond the visible area ofthe GUI 502). As another example, the client device 500 may only displaythe one or two graphical user interface areas at one time.

As shown in FIG. 5, the client device 500 may enable to the user to edita media segment. In general, the client device 500 and/or the mediapresentation system 102 may provide one or more editing tools for a userto perform edits on a media segment. It should be noted that while FIG.5 describes the client device 500 providing editing functionality to auser, the media presentation system 102, independent of, or inconnection with the client device 500 can provide editing functionalityto a user.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the client device 500 may display, in thefirst area 506 a, a header that indicates to the user that the clientdevice 500 is in editing mode. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, thefirst area 506 a displays the text “Edit Media Segment.” In someembodiments, the first area 506 a may include various headers thatprovide a user with navigational functionality. For instance, the firstarea 506 a may indicate different menus, modes, settings, or screenviews as described herein. Alternatively, in some embodiments, theclient device 500 does not include a first graphical user interface areathat provides a user with header information, rather the first graphicaluser interface area can include content that relates to media segmentsand media presentations.

As further illustrated in FIG. 5, the second area 506 b of the clientdevice 500 displays a media segment 530. For example, the media segment530 may be an image segment and/or a video segment. Below the mediasegment 530, the client device may display editing options 516 in thethird area 506 c. The client device 500 may present editing options 516to a user to assist the user in editing one or more media segments.

The editing options 516 may include a variety of options to a user toedit a media segment. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the editingoptions 516 may include options to add various editing effects such astext, stickers, sound/music, voice filters, and visual filters, whichare discussed below. It should be appreciated that the editing options516 may include other options, such as cropping, reducing redeye,resizing, rotating, trimming, retouching, etc. Further, each editingoption 520-526 in FIG. 5 may include additional options that allow auser to refine the editing effect. Upon a user selecting an initialediting option, for example, the client device 500 may displayadditional editing options related to the initial selected editingoption (e.g., in the third area 506 c).

As further illustrated in FIG. 5, the client device can present variousediting options 516 to the user. For example, the text option 520 mayallow a user to add text to a media segment. For example, a user may addtext over a portion or a media segment, such as adding a title, acomment, or other words and/or textual graphics to a media segment. Inaddition, the text option 520 may allow a user to add a text slide to aportion of a media segment. For example, the text option 520 may allow auser to insert a text slide before, during, or after a media segment.

In addition to the text option 520, the sticker option 522 may allow auser to add one or more stickers to a media segment. Stickers includeideograms, smileys, pictographs, and other images. Stickers may alsoinclude frames or boarders around a media segment, or other graphicsthat visually interact with content within a media segment. Further,stickers may include custom images and graphics created by users. Insome instances, a user may purchase stickers from a store, library, orsticker repository. For example, a user may buy an individual sticker,or buy a package of stickers as an in-app purchase.

In one or more embodiments, when a user the sticker option 522, theclient device 500 may provide a number of stickers from which to choose.After selecting a sticker, the client device 500 may provide options tothe user to adjust the size of the sticker, the position of the stickeron the media segment, etc. Further, the client device 500 mayautomatically detect a location for a sticker and/or change the positionof a sticker within a media segment. For instance, if the sticker is ahat that is placed on a user's head, the client device 500 mayreposition the hat to remain atop the user's head as the position of theuser changes within a media segment (e.g., a video media segment).

In some example embodiments, the client device 500 may suggest stickersto add based content within the media segment 530 (e.g., detectedthrough image recognition) and or based on meta-data associated with themedia segment (e.g., location, time, tags, etc.). For example, theclient device 500 may detect that the media segment is related to aparticular theme (e.g., ocean, mountains, party). To illustrate, theclient device 500 may recognize (e.g., through image recognition) twopeople in the media segment (e.g., a couple), as well as recognize thatthe media segment shows the couple on their wedding day. Upon the userselecting the sticker option 522, the client device 500 may recommend asticker of a heart-shaped frame to place around the couple.

In addition to the sticker option 522, the sound/music option 524 mayallow a user to add audio to a media segment. When a user selects thesound/music option 524, the client device 500 may provide the user witha numbers of sounds or audio segments from which to choose. Further, theclient device 500 may provide the user with an interface to selectanother audio segment, such as selecting a song stored on the clientdevice 500, dialog, or sound effects (e.g., background noise, traffic,nature sounds, etc.). Further, the client device 500 can allow the userto capture sound using the client device 500, such as enabling the userto add a voice over to a media segment.

The voice filter option 526 may provide the user with the ability tochange audio attributes of the audio within a media segment. Morespecifically, the filter option 526 may allow a user to change thepitch, tone, speed, reverberation, flanging, etc. of audio within amedia segment. For example, a user may apply a voice filter that causesa speaker in a media segment to sound like he or she has inhaled heliumor has a sore throat. As another example, applying a voice filter maycause a voice audio to sound like a particular celebrity, a child, arobot, a musical instrument, a witch, a chipmunk, etc.

In addition to the voice filter option 526, the client device 500 canprovide a visual filter option 528, as illustrated in FIG. 5. Forexample, the visual filter option 528 may include options to change tocolor, brightness, contrast, hue, shading, blur, lighting, texture, etc.of a media segment. For instance, upon selecting the visual filteroption, 528, the client device 500 may assist the user in applying avisual filter, such as changing the media segment, or a portion thereof,to black and white. In some example embodiments, the client device 500may suggest visual filters to apply based content within the mediasegment 530 (e.g., detected through image recognition) and or based onmeta-data associated with the media segment (e.g., location, time, tags,etc.).

One will appreciate that the client device 500 may assist the user inapplying a variety of visual filters, as well as other editing options,to a media segment.

With many of the editing options, the client device 500 can also allowthe user to specify the duration of the editing effect, such as how longto display a text slide on the media segment. In addition, the clientdevice 500 may allow a user to apply editing effects to multiple mediasegments. For instance, the client device 500 may allow a user to add atext overlay (e.g., annotations) or a song that spans multiple mediasegments. Further, the client device 500 may provide a user with apreview as the user tentatively selects different edition options. Thepreview of the edited media segment may appear in the second area 540 b.For example, if the user adds a text overlay to the media segment 530,the text may appear on the media segment 530 in the first area 540 a.

In addition to editing media segments, one or more embodiments of mediapresentation system can perform an image recognition analysis toidentify various content elements within a media segment in the processof creating a media presentation. For example, the client device 500and/or the media presentation system 102 may perform image recognitionto identify elements in a media segment, such as words, faces, objects,etc. To illustrate by way of example, FIG. 6 shows the client device 500applying facial recognition to a media segment 608. While FIG. 6describes the client device 500 performing facial recognition, one willappreciate that the client device 500 may recognize other objects, suchas animals, landmarks, symbols, etc., as well as recognize charactersand words using optical character recognition (OCR).

Further, while FIG. 6 illustrates a client device 500 to detect elementsin a media segment, the media presentation system 102 may also detectelements in a media segment. To illustrate, the client device 500 andthe media presentation system 102 may work in tandem to identifyelements in a media segment. For example, the client device 500 mayidentify one or more faces in a media segment, send an image of the oneor more faces to the media presentation system 102. The mediapresentation system 102 may compare the one or more faces to a databaseof known faces and return the identity of the one or more faces to theclient device 500. Alternatively, the client device 500 may send a mediasegment to the media presentation system 102 to have the mediapresentation system 102 perform element recognition on the mediasegment.

As shown in FIG. 6, a media segment may be presented on the clientdevice 500. The client device 500 displayed in FIG. 6 may be oneembodiment of the client device 500 illustrated in FIG. 5. As such, theclient device 500 may include a GUI 502 that displays various views byway of the touch screen 504. Further, the GUI 502 shown in FIG. 6 mayinclude the first area 506 a and the second area 506 b, as describedabove.

The first graphical user interface area 506 a may include a mediapresentation 608 that includes one or more media segments. For example,as shown in FIG. 6, one or the media segments in the media presentation608 may include a video or picture of a director (Jake) talking to twoactors (Sam and Tim) on a film set for a medieval-type movie. The clientdevice 500 may use facial recognition to detect the faces of Sam 612 a,Tim 612 b, and Jake 612 c in the media presentation 608.

Based on the people and/or objects recognized in a media presentation,the client device 500 may recommend, to a user operating the clientdevice 500, co-users with whom the user should share the mediapresentation. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the client device 500 maydisplay one or more sharing options 616 in the second area 506 b. Thesharing options 616 may display a list of co-users corresponding topeople recognized in the media presentation 608. For instance, theclient device 500 may display sharing options 616 that recommend theuser share the media presentation 608 with Sam 622 a, Tim 622 b, and/orJake 622 c.

If the client device 500 recognizes an object in the media presentation608, the media presentation system 102 may, in some embodiments,recommend that the user share the media presentation 608 with a co-useror a group of co-users that associate with the object. For example, theclient device 500 may recognize a football team's logo and/or a footballplayer's jersey in a media presentation. In response, the client device500 may recommend that a user share the media presentation with aco-user that associates with the football team, or a group dedicated tothe football team.

In providing the recommendations with whom to share a mediapresentation, the client device 500 may limit the scope of whichco-users to recommend based on a user's connections. For example, theclient device 500 may limit recommendations to co-users and/or groups towhom the user is connected via the media presentation system 102 orotherwise socially connected (e.g., connected via a social networkingsystem). Further, the client device 500 may recommend that the usershare the media segment with users connected one or more co-usersidentified in the media segment. Similarly, the client device 500 mayalso determine co-users with whom to share a media presentation based onthe people and/or objects recognized in a media presentation. Forexample, if the client device 500 recognizes a celebrity, the clientdevice 500 may recommend that the user share the media presentation witha group associated with the celebrity.

In addition to providing recommendations based on elements recognized ina media presentation, in some example embodiments, the client device 500may use recognition of people and/or objects to organize a mediapresentation within a user's media presentation list. For example, ifthe client device 500 recognizes a sports star in a media presentationfor which a user has indicated a preference (e.g., likes), the clientdevice 500 may prioritize the media presentation that includes thesports star in the user's media presentation list. Similarly, the clientdevice 500 may use recognized elements to organize a media segmentwithin a media presentation. For instance, after recognizing the sportsstar in a media segment within a media presentation, the mediapresentation system 102 may prioritize the media segment within themedia presentation, such as to the beginning of the media presentation.

In another example, the client device 500 may group similar mediasegments together in a media presentation based on commonly identifiedelements. For example, the client device 500 may identify a commonobject in multiple media segments within a media presentation, and groupthose media segments together in the media presentation. As anotherexample, the client device 500 may group all media segments within amedia presentation together that include the user of the client device500.

In a similar manner, the client device 500 may recognize common elementsfrom media segments across a user's media presentation list and generatea new media presentation to include the common element. For example, theuser may have several media presentations in their media presentationlist. Around half of the media presentations may have one or more mediasegments that include a friend of the user. The client device 500 mayrecognize the friend in each of the media presentations and organize themedia segments that include the friend into a new media presentation.

In addition to the above examples, a client device may use facialrecognition to generate a media segment to add to a media presentationthat lists the identified participants in a media presentation. Toillustrate, FIG. 7 displays a media presentation 708 that includes atleast (3) three media segments 730 a-c. The first media segment 730 ashows two people talking (Joe and Jack), where one person is talking onhis phone (Jack). The second media segment 730 b shows a person (Bo)sitting in a chair. The third media segment 703 c shows a mother (Sarah)and a child (Sam) standing near each other.

A client device and/or the media presentation system 102 may recognizefaces in each of the first three media segments. For instance, theclient device and/or the media presentation system 102 may recognize thefaces of Joe 712 a and Jack 712 b in the first media segment 703 a, theface of Bo 722 c in the second media segment 703 b, and the faces ofSarah 722 d and Sam 722 e in third media segment 730 c.

Based on detecting the faces of Joe 712 a, Jack 712 b, Bo 722 c, Sarah722 d, and Sam 722 e in the media presentation 708, the client deviceand/or media presentation system 102 may generate a fourth media segment730 d that lists all the participates identified in the mediapresentation 708. For example, the fourth media segment 730 d may show alisting displaying an image and name for each of Joe 712 a, Jack 712 b,Bo 722 c, Sarah 722 d, and Sam 722 e. In addition, the fourth mediasegment 730 d may include participates who are tagged by a user orco-user as being a participant in the media segment 708.

The client device and/or media presentation system 102 can append thefourth media segment 730 d to the media presentation 708. In thismanner, the client device may display the fourth media segment 730 dshowing participants in the media presentation 708 at the end of themedia presentation 708. Alternatively, a client device may display thelist of participants separate from the first three media segments in themedia presentation 708. For example, the client device may show thefirst three media segments in a first graphical user interface areawhile displaying the fourth media segment of participants in a secondgraphical user interface area.

The fourth media segment 730 d may be interactive. In other words, auser may be able to select the picture or name of a participant in thefourth media segment 730 d. Upon selecting a participant's picture orname, the client device may replay a media segment that includes theparticipant. In some cases, the fourth media segment 730 d may display,in addition to a participant's name or image, an option for the user toreplay a segment(s) that includes the particular participant. Forexample, a user may select a replay option associated with Bo 722 c, andin response, the client device may replay the second media segment 730 bthat includes Bo. Alternatively, upon a user selecting a participant'spicture or name, the client device 730 d may provide the user with aprofile of a participant, described in additional detail below.

While the fourth media segment 730 d can present one or moreparticipants identified or tagged in a media presentation, the fourthmedia segment 730 d may also omit one or more participants despiteidentifying the participants. Participants may be omitted for a numberof reasons. For instance, Sam 722 e may be omitted because Sam's parenthas set a user preference to exclude Sam from participant lists orbecause Sam is below a minimum required age. Similarly, Jack 722 b maybe omitted from the participant list because he has set his privacysettings that block him from being included in a participant list (orblocked in a participant list if the user is not one of hisconnections). Bo 722 c may be omitted because he is not a user of themedia presentation system 102. Alternatively, Bo may be listed, butselecting Bo's name or picture does not link to his user profile orother information about himself because he is not a user of the mediapresentation system 102.

As another example, Joe 722 a may not be listed in the participant listbecause the client device and/or media presentation system could notrecognize Joe and because another user did not tag Joe. Alternatively,rather than not listing Joe, the client device could show Joe's face 712a in the participant's list. Then, if another user recognizes and tagsJoe, the client device can list Joe's name by his picture.

In a similar manner to a client device displaying a participant list,the client device may additionally, or in the alternative, display acredits list appended to or in connection with a media presentation. Toillustrate, FIG. 8 illustrates a media presentation 808, which includesat least (3) media segments 830 a-c and credits 832 (shown as part ofthe fourth media segment 830 d in FIG. 8). In general, the credits 832can display users who contributed a media segment to a mediapresentation. For instance, the credits 832 can display a user's namenext to a corresponding picture displayed next to their name. Further,the credits 832 can display a thumbnail (e.g., an image or clip) of themedia segment provided by the user.

A client device may display the credits 832 at the end of a mediapresentation. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the credits 832 areincluded in a fourth media segment 830 d appended to the end of themedia presentation 808. After a client device plays through the firstthree media segments 830 a-c, the client device may present the userwith the credits 832. The client device may pause on the credits 832 fora set amount of time (e.g., 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 2 secondsper name displayed, 3 seconds per media segment included in the mediapresentation, etc.) or may display the credits until the user providesnavigational input (e.g., replay media segment advance to the next mediasegment, or return to the media presentation list.)

Additionally or alternatively, the client device may provide the creditsin a separate graphical user interface area from the media presentation808. For example, the client device may present the media presentation808 in a first graphical user interface area and display the credits ina second graphical user interface area. Thus, in some cases, the clientdevice may provide a media segment and credits corresponding to themedia presentation at the same time. Further, the client device mayinitially hide or truncate the credits, and later provide the credits toa user upon the user selecting a graphical option within the graphicaluser interface of the client device to display or expand the credits.

Additionally, the credits 832 may appear as an image segment or a videosegment. For instance, the credits 832 may appear as image segment(e.g., a slide) that displays contributing users in the mediapresentation, as shown in FIG. 8. In some cases, the credits may includemultiple images (e.g., appear as multiple slides), and/or be navigable(e.g., scrollable) by a user on a client device. Alternatively, thecredits 832 may appear as a video segment that scrolls through a list ofcontributing users to a media presentation. Whether the credits appearas an image segment or a video segment may depend on a number offactors, such as the number of media segments in the media presentationor the number of contributing users. Further, the credit may appear as acombination of image and video segments, such as a video segment thatpresents a list of contributing users, followed by an image segment thatprovides the option to replay the media presentation or share the mediapresentation with other co-users.

As mentioned above, the credits 832 may include a list of users thatcontributed to a media segment. To illustrate, FIG. 8 shows Beth 822 a,Jake 822 b, and Lisa 822 c. More specifically, FIG. 8 displays imagesand name of Beth 822 a, Jake 822 b, and Lisa 822 c. While notillustrated, the credits 832 may also display a thumbnail (e.g., animage or clip) of the media segment(s) contributed by each user. Forexample, the credits 832 may display an image extracted from the mediasegment, a portion of the media segment (e.g., 3-seconds from the mediasegment or a number of still images taken from the media segment), orthe media segment itself within the credits next to the contributingusers (e.g., a thumbnail-sized version of the media segment). Further,rather that displaying the image of each contributing user, the credits832 may display the thumbnails of each media segment in a mediapresentation.

The credits 832 may list users in an order that corresponds to the orderthat media segments were presented in the media presentation. Forexample, when a client device presents the first media segment 830 afirst (added by Beth 722 a), the second media segment 830 b (added byJake 722 b), and then the third media segment 830 c (added by Lisa 722c), the credits would list the contributors ordered as Beth 722 a, Jake722 b, and Lisa 722 c. Ordering the credits 832 based on media segmentorder may assist a viewer watching a media presentation to connect whichmedia segment was provided by which user.

In another example embodiment, the credits 832 may present the order ofcontributing users in another manner. For example, the credits 832 maylist contributing users alphabetically by first name, last name, orusername. As another example, the credits 832 may list users based onthe number of media segments a user contributed to a media presentation.For example, the credits may list Beth 722 a first because shecontributed three media segment, while Jake 722 b and Lisa 772 cprovided only one or two media segment to a media presentation. Inanother example, the credits 832 may list Beth 722 a first because shewas the initiator of the media presentation. One will appreciate that anumber of methods, or combinations thereof, may be employed to ordercontributing users within the credits 832.

When ordering the credits based on when a media segment is presented ina media presentation, displaying a thumbnail of each media segmentinstead of a user's picture may more intuitive to a viewing user becausethe credits appear to be a story board of the media presentation thatalso provide information about each media segment's contributor (e.g.,name and possibly picture). In some instances, however, a user could belisted multiple times if the user contributes several media segments toa media presentation. In these instances, the credits 832 may groupmedia segment thumbnails together in order of first appearance, or insome other order, such as by the initiator of the media presentationand/or number of media segments provided by each user.

Further, the credits 832 may provide information and/or statistics for amedia presentation. For instance, the credits 832 may provide theability for a user viewing a media presentation to see the number oflikes 824, views 826, and shares 828 for a media presentation. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 8, the media presentation 808 may have 15likes, 20 views, and 3 shares. In addition, the credits 832 may provideinformation and/or statistics for individual media segment within amedia presentation. As an example, upon a user selecting Lisa 822 c, thecredits 832 may display the number of likes, views, and shares for themedia segment provided by Lisa. As another example, the credits 832 mayprovide information and/or statistics next to each contributing userdisplayed in the credits 832.

In connection with displaying the number of likes, views, and shares fora media segment or the media presentation, the credits 832 may provide auser with the ability to like, share, comment on a media segment or themedia presentation, mark a media segment as a favorite, report a mediasegment as inappropriate, leave a message to the co-user that provided aparticular media segment, etc. For example, after watching a mediapresentation, the credits 832 may provide a user with the ability toindicate that he or she likes the media presentation as a whole and/orlikes one or more particular media segments from within the mediapresentation. In addition, by selecting a co-user in the credits 832, auser can send the selected co-user a message.

As another example, a media presentation may include twelve (12) mediasegments and a user may desire to share four (4) of the twelve (12)media segments with a co-user. Using the credits 832, the user mayselect the four (4) media segments to share, and the media presentationsystem 102 can share the selected media segments as a new mediapresentation to other co-users. As a note, sharing selected mediasegments may be dependent on permissions set by the co-users who postedthe selected media segments and/or their relation to the user.

In addition to displaying contributing users, the credits 832 may alsoprovide options that allow a user to further interact with mediasegments within the media presentation. For example, the credits 832 mayprovide a user with the option to replay a particular segment fromwithin the media presentation. To illustrate, the credits 832 maydisplay a contributing user and/or a thumbnail of a media segmentprovided by the contributing user. Upon a user selecting thecontributing user and/or thumbnail from the credits 832, the clientdevice may replay the media segment. For instance, if a user taps andholds a thumbnail via the touch screen of a client device, the clientdevice may replay the media segment as long as the user is holding thetouch screen. In another instance, a client device may present the mediasegment to the user along with controls that allows the user to pausethe media segment, replay the media segment, or return to the credits832.

Further, in some example embodiments, the credits 832 may provideoptions that allow a user to interact with contributing users. Toillustrate, the credits 832 may display the names and images ofcontributing users, such as Beth 822 a, Jake 822 b, and Lisa 822 c, asshown in FIG. 8. Upon selecting one of the users (e.g., selecting theirpicture and/or name), the credits 832 may link to the co-users' profile.In other words, upon selecting a contributing user's name or picture, aclient device may display a user's profile information. The clientdevice may display the user's profile information in place of thecredits, or in addition to the credits, such as in a separate graphicaluser interface area.

Whether the client device displays a user's profile information in placeof or in addition to the credits may depend on the capabilities of theclient device (e.g., screen size, processing power, network connectionspeed, etc.) and/or user preference. For example, if the client deviceis a monitor or television, the client device may display graphical userinterface areas that include media segments from a media presentation,credits from the media presentation, as well as a user's profile of acontributing user, all within the display. Alternatively, if the clientdevice is a smaller mobile display, the client device may display onlyone or two graphical user interface areas on the display.

In addition to displaying a list of contributing users, the credits 832may include users that have been tagged or recognized in the mediapresentation (e.g., participants). For example, for each media segment,the credits 832 can include a listing of which users participated in themedia segment. In some example embodiments, the credits may include aslide for each media segment where each slide includes information aboutthe media segment, such as the user that provided the media segment, anyusers tagged/included in the media segment, and statistics for the mediasegment (e.g., likes, views, shares, etc.).

FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method 900 for generating aparticipant list in accordance with one or more embodiments. The method900 includes an act 902 receiving a plurality of media segmentsbelonging to a media presentation. The method 900 also includes an act908 of detecting one or more faces within the plurality of mediasegments. The method 900 further includes an act 906 of matching the oneor more detected faces within the plurality of media segments to one ormore users. In addition, the method 900 includes an act 908 ofgenerating a participant list that identifies the one or more users thatmatch the one or more detected faces. The method 900 also includes anact 910 of supplementing the media presentation to include theparticipant list. Further, the method 900 includes the act 912 ofproviding the media presentation to a user.

As mentioned above, users of the media presentation system 102 can haveuser profiles with the media presentation system 102. To illustrate,FIGS. 10A-B show an example user profile displayed on a client device500 in accordance with one or more embodiments (FIG. 10B is an extensionof FIG. 10A, such as if a user scrolls down). The client device 500displayed in FIGS. 10A-B may be one embodiment of the client device 500illustrated in FIG. 5. As such, the client device 500 may include a GUI502 that displays various views by way of the touch screen 504. Further,the client device may include the first area 506 a and the second area506 b described above.

In particular, FIGS. 10A-B show the user profile of a user with the nameKate. As illustrated in FIG. 10A, the client device 500 may display, ina first area 506 a, a header area 1012 that provides information aboutKate. For example, the header area 1012 may display Kate's name 1014 a(or a username, nickname, etc.) along with a picture 1014 b of Kate. Theheader area 1012 may also include a message area 1014 c, where Kate canleave messages for co-users viewing her user profile. The message area1014 c may display text, graphics (e.g., emojis), and/or website linksprovided by Kate. The message area 1014 c may also include one or moremedia segments that Kate leaves for viewers of her profile page.Further, the header area 1012 may additionally include otherinformation, such as contact information for Kate.

The first area 506 a may also include social information 1016 associatedwith the user. Examples of social information 1016 include the number ofposts 1018 a (e.g., media segments) Kate has provided, the number ofKate's followers 1018 b, as well as the number of users that Kate isfollowing 1018 c. Further, the social information 1016 may include aselectable follow option 1018 d to follow or unfollow Kate. As shown inFIG. 10A, the user viewing Kate's profile is currently following Kateand selecting the selectable following option would cause the use tounfollow Kate. The social information 1018 may also include a listing ofother social networking systems to which Kate belongs.

In addition, the first area 506 a may include one or more otherselectable graphical elements. For example, FIG. 10A illustrates a mediamessage option 1020 that a user can select to leave Kate a message(e.g., in the form of an image media segment or video media segment).Upon selecting the media message option 1020, the client device 500 mayallow a user to leave a media segment message for Kate. For example, theclient device 500 may allow the user to capture a digital photo, recorda video, and/or leave an audio message for Kate.

Depending on a user's (e.g., Kate) privacy settings and/or preferences,a co-user may not be able to leave a message for the user. For instance,a co-user that is not directly connected, or only remotely connected toKate may not be able to select the media message option. Further,depending on the type of connection a co-user has with Kate, the co-usermay be limited in the type of message (e.g., audio, picture, or videomessage), the length of the message, or the number of messages theco-user is able to leave.

As an example of co-users leaving messages for a user, when a user has abirthday, co-users can access the user's profile and leave a birthdaymessage for the user. The birthday messages may be viewable to otherusers or may be limited such that only the user may view the message.Further, the client device 500 may prioritize birthday messages based onfactors such as, when the message was left, connections between co-usersthat leave messages and the user, if the user has previously viewed themessage, if the user has liked or favored a message, etc.

When a user leaves a message, the client device 500 may display themessage in the second area 506 b (shown in both FIGS. 10A-B) as part ofa media presentation. For example, when a user leaves a message (e.g., amessage segments) for Kate, the client device 500 displays the messagewithin the media presentation 1008. When Kate accesses her user profile,she may be able to view the media presentation 1008 of message left forher by co-users. For example, Kate may be able to view messages 1030 a-d(shown in FIG. 10B) left for her by other co-users. When multiplemessages are available, the client device 500 may present the messagesin single presentation (e.g., individually playing through eachmessage). In an alternative embodiment, the client device 500 maydisplay the multiple messages in a vertical or horizontal grouping.Further, the client device 500 may display thumbnails or previews ofeach message, and when a user selects a thumbnail, the client device 500may expand and play the message.

While a co-user who leaves a message on a user's profile (e.g., Kate'sprofile) is generally able to view messages that they themselves leavefor the user (e.g., to replay, recapture, accept, etc.), in some casesthe co-user may be able to view messages that other co-users have leftfor the user (e.g., view other messages left for Kate). The co-user'sability to access messages that other co-users have left for anotheruser may be dependent on a number of factors. For example, when anotherco-user leaves a message, the other co-user may indicate that otherco-users are allowed to view the message (e.g., all users able to viewKate's user profile can view the message). In some cases, a co-userleaving a message for Kate may allow co-users to view the messagedepending on if the other co-users are directly connected to Kate (e.g.,followers of Kate and/or people Kate is following). As another example,a message that a co-user leaves for Kate may not be accessible to otherco-users unless Kate allows the other co-users to access the message. Insome cases, both the creator of the message and Kate both need toapprove granting co-users access to the message before other co-usersare granted access to a message left by the co-user.

In some alternative embodiments, the media presentation 1008 may includemedia segments that the user (e.g., Kate) has posted on the mediapresentation system 102. For example, the media segments 1030 a-c mayinclude media segments that Kate added to one or more mediapresentations. In this manner, a co-user viewing Kate's user profile maybe able to access and play one or more media segment 1030 a-c added byKate.

When a client device 500 provides a media presentation that includesmedia segments provided by a user (e.g., Kate), the client device 500may limit a co-user's access to one or more of the media segments withinthe media presentation based on a number of factors. For example, theclient device 500 may limit a co-user's access based on: whether theco-user is directly or tangentially connected to Kate; Kate's privacysettings; whether Kate has indicated that a particular media segmentshould or should not be accessible by other co-users; and/or whether theco-user is in a media segment included in the media presentation. Toillustrate, Kate may allow “close friends” to view all media segments,allow family members to view all media segment that include any familymembers, and allow the public to only access a select number of mediasegments designated as public.

Further, when a client device 500 provides a media presentation thatincludes media segments provided by a user (e.g., Kate), the clientdevice 500 may display the media segments in a consolidated manner(e.g., merge all the media segments into a seemingly single mediapresentation) or display each media segment independently. As describedabove, the client device 500 may present media segment within a user'sprofile in a vertical or horizontal layout or arrangement. Further, theclient device 500 may display thumbnails of the media segment thatexpand and play upon selection (or not play depending on Kate'spermissions and preferences).

Further, the client device 500 may organize media segments added by theuser (e.g., Kate) in a number of ways. For example, the client device500 may organize the media segments chronologically, by topic and tags,or by people within each media segment. To illustrate, for each co-userviewing Kate's profile, the client device 500 may intelligently sortmedia segments to first display media segments that include theparticular co-user viewing Kate's profile, followed next by mediasegments that include friends of the particular co-user viewing Kate'sprofile, followed by media segments that include Kate, followed by othermedia segments provided by Kate. In this manner, the client device 500can provide a unique experience to each co-user who views Kate's userprofile.

Just as users of the media presentation system 102 can have userprofiles, a company or business can similarly create a company profile.To illustrate, FIGS. 11A-B show an example company profile displayed ona client device 500 in accordance with one or more embodiments (FIG. 11Bis an extension of FIG. 11A, such as if a user scrolls down on theclient device 500). In particular, FIGS. 11A-B show a company profilefor Solitude Camping. The client device 500 displayed in FIGS. 11A-B maybe one embodiment of the client device 500 illustrated in FIG. 5. Assuch, the client device 500 may include a GUI 502 that displays variousviews by way of the touch screen 504. Further, the GUI may include thefirst area 506 a and the second area 506 b, described above.

As illustrated in FIG. 11A, the client device 500 may display, in thefirst area 506 a, a header area 1112 that provides information aboutSolitude Camping. For example, the header 1114 may display a picture1114 b, image, or logo of a company along the company's name 1114 a(i.e., Solitude Camping). The header area 1112 may also include amessage left by the company, such as a brief statement introducing thecompany, the company's motto or mission statement, a message aboutrecent events or promotions, etc. In addition, the header area 1112 mayinclude other information, such as contact information for the company(e.g., address, website, phone number, email, etc.).

The client device 500 may also display social information 1116associated with the company in the first area 506 a. Social information1116 may include an overall rating 1118 a for the company, as providedby users of the media presentation system 102 (or obtained from multiplesources). As FIG. 11A illustrates, Solitude Camping has a rating of 4.5stars out of 5 stars, based on feedback from 500+ users. Socialinformation 1116 may also include an indication of a company's socialfootprint and presence. For instance, as shown in FIG. 11A, the socialinformation 1116 includes the total number of users 1118 b that “like”or follow Solitude Camping. Social information 1116 may also includeother social information associated with a company, such as socialnetworking systems to which the company belongs.

In addition to displaying social information 1116, the client device 500may allow a user visiting the company profile to provide social feedbackfor a company. For example, the client device 500 may enable a user torate Solitude Camping. To illustrate, a user may provide his or herrating of Solitude Camping to the company profile by selecting acorresponding number of the stars that represents the user's opinion ofSolitude Camping. As another example, a user may user the client device500 to like or follow Solitude Camping, thus adding to SolitudeCamping's social footprint and presence.

In addition to displaying a header area 1112 and social information1116, the client device 500 may display reviews, comments, and/ortestimonials provided by users of the media presentation system 102 inthe first area 506 a. For example, a user viewing a company's userprofile may select the message option 1120 labeled “Add Review.” Inresponse, the client device 500 may assist the user in capturing a mediasegment. In some cases, a user may leave a message about the company ingeneral. In other cases, a user may leave a message regarding a productor service offered by the company.

In some example embodiments, before a user can leave a media segmentreview for a company, the user may need to provide additional inputregarding the nature of the review. For instance, the user may need tospecify whether the review is a general review, a review for a product,or a review for a service offered by the company. Further, whenpossible, the user may provide information to further help the mediapresentation system 102 categorize a media segment review. For example,the user may identify the exact product for which the user is providinga review.

As shown in FIGS. 11A-B, the client device 500 may display a pluralityof media segment reviews 1130 a-c (or collectively “media segmentreviews 1130”) as part of the company profile. The media segment reviews1130 may be part of a media presentation, or may be independent of amedia presentation. The media segment reviews 1130 may be reviews leftby users. Additionally, the media segment reviews 1130 may includereview directed towards products and/or services offered by SolitudeCamping. For example, the client device 500 may display a media segmentreview for a 3-person tent (e.g., media segment 1130 a) or a lantern(media segment 1130 c).

The client device 500 may provide the media segment reviews 1130 in avariety of ways. For example, the client device 500 may provideindividual messages organized in a horizontal and/or vertical manner, asshown in FIG. 11B. For instance, the client device 500 may display agroup of messages, such as messages 1130 a-d, in a vertical layout. Auser may scroll up and down in the second area 506 b to view differentmedia segment reviews 1130 left by users. Further, the client device 500may provide thumbnails or previews of each media segment reviews 1130,as described above in connection with a user's profile. Each thumbnailmay show a representative image signaling to a user what a media segmentreview is about. When a user selects a thumbnail, the client device 500may expand and play the select media segment review.

The client device 500 may organize the media segment reviews 1130 basedon a number of factors. For example, the client device 500 may presentthe most recent media segment reviews 1130 first. As an additionalexample, the client device 500 may organize the media segment reviews1130 based on category. For instance, the client device 500 may separategeneral reviews from product and service reviews. The client device 500may further organize the product and service reviews (e.g., in ahierarchy manner) for example, based on product department, productcategory, product type, and products themselves.

In some example embodiments, the client device 500 may not initiallydisplay the media segment reviews 1130. Rather, the client device 500may list various categories or groupings, which may be broad, narrow, orhierarchal. Upon selecting a listing, the client device 500 may displayone or more media segment reviews 1130 that are associated with thelisting. For example, upon selecting a listing of “Tent Reviews,” theclient device 500 may present a user with the media segment review 1130a.

A company's profile may be accessible to the public. Further, a companymay have limited rights in restricting which users can access theirprofile, view media segment reviews 1130, or leave the reviews on thecompany's profile. Accordingly, most users of the media presentationsystem 102 can access the company's profile, view media segment reviews1130 displayed on the company's profile, and even leave a media segmentreview. In this manner, company profiles may be different from a userprofile in that a company has little control over user access while auser has much greater control over user access.

The media presentation system 102 may keep or promote media segmentreviews 1130 that are found helpful, and remove media segment reviews1130 that are inappropriate and/or unhelpful. In some exampleembodiments, the media presentation system 102 may determine to remove amedia segment review when a threshold negative feedback level issatisfied. For example, when a number of users indicate dissatisfactionwith a media segment review, the media presentation system 102 mayremove the review. Similarly, when a threshold number of users like orfind a media segment review helpful, the media presentation system 102may promote the media segment review, such as by prominently displayingthe media segment review on the company's profile.

Just as users of the media presentation system 102 can endorse or reporta media segment review, the company can also endorse or report a mediasegment review. For example, a company may endorse a user's mediasegment review, such as when a user leaves a positive or useful review.In addition, the company may report a media segment review asinappropriate, offensive, distasteful, and/or unhelpful. While a companymay be able to endorse or report a media segment review, however, thecompany itself may be unable to edit or modify the media segment reviews1130. In some example embodiments, the media presentation system 102 mayprovide additional weight to a company's negative rating of a message(e.g., count as multiple votes) when determining whether to remove amedia segment review as unhelpful or inappropriate.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, a company may be able to monitor andremove media segment reviews that the company finds inappropriate orunhelpful from the company's profile. Similarly, the company may promotemedia segment reviews on the company's profile that the company findshelpful to other users. In some cases, a company may not be able topromote or remove a media segment review until a condition has firstbeen met, such as a period of time has passed since the media segmentreview was posted or a threshold number of ratings where left for amedia segment review.

Besides displaying a media presentation or media segment reviews on acompany's profile, the client device 500 may also display one or moreadditional media presentations and/or media segments on the company'sprofile. For example, the client device 400 may display a mediapresentation that includes promotional media segments provided by thecompany. As another example, the media presentation system 102 mayidentify media segments on the media presentation system 102 thatidentify the company (e.g., a user tags the company or the mediapresentation system 102 detects the company in the media segment). Inresponse, the media presentation system 102 may add the media segment toa media presentation on the company's profile.

While FIGS. 11A-B illustrate a company profile shown on the mediapresentation system 102, in some example embodiments, the mediapresentation system 102 may provide one or more of the mediapresentations described above to a social networking system. Forexample, the media presentation system 102 may provide one or more mediasegment reviews to a social networking system for the social networkingsystem to include on a social networking page associated with thecompany.

Additionally, in some embodiments, the company's profile in the mediapresentation system 102 and a social networking system may communicatewith each other, such as to share company information with each other.For example, information about the company, as well as the companyrating may be based in part from information and ratings listed on thecompany's social networking page. Further, in some example embodiments,the social networking system may allow customers of the company to leavereview messages (e.g., review media segment) for a company via thesocial networking system.

As described in connection with FIG. 11 below, the media presentationsystem 102 may assist a user in automatically generating a mediapresentation. For instance, the media presentation system 102 may allowa user to generate a media presentation that includes media segmentscaptured by multiple users at an event or common location. As anexample, a user and other co-users may be at an event, such as aconcert, wedding, school party, dinner event, etc., and the user maywant to create a media presentation for the event and allow co-users atthe event to contribute to the media presentation. The user may want tocreate a media presentation for the event, but the user may not beconnected to other co-users at the event. Accordingly, the mediapresentation system 102 may allow the user in connecting with otherco-users at the event, and thereby, create an event media presentation.

To illustrate, FIG. 12 displays a sequence-flow diagram showinginteractions between a user, co-users, and the media presentation system102 to generate an event media presentation. The sequence-flow diagrammay provide one example of the media presentation system 102 assisting auser in generating a media presentation, as will be described below. Theuser 110, co-user 112, and the media presentation system 102 mayexamples of the user 110, co-users 112, and the media presentationsystem 102 described above with regard to FIG. 1.

In step 1210, the user 110 may send a request to the media presentationsystem 102 to initiate the creation of an event media presentation. Forinstance, the user 110 may use a client device to signal to the mediapresentation system 102 that the user 110 is at an event and that theuser 110 would like to initiate a media presentation. In anotherinstance, after recognizing that the user 110 is at an event, the mediapresentation system 102 may prompt the user 110 to initiate a mediapresentation with other co-users 112 also at the event. For example, themedia presentation system 102 may send a message to the user 110 saying,“I notice you are at a concert. Would you like to create a mediapresentation for this event?”

Alternatively, the user 110 may start a media presentation, associatethe media presentation with an event, and allow others at the event toadd to the media presentation. For example, the user 110 may be at agraduation ceremony and capture a media segment at a graduation ceremonyas part of a media presentation. The user 110 can tag the mediapresentation as belonging to the graduation ceremony. Further, the user110 can set permission on the media presentation such that other usersat the graduation ceremony are invited to add media segments to themedia presentation, as described below.

In step 1212, the media presentation system 102 may determine if otherusers (e.g., co-users 112) are at the same event as the user. Forexample, the media presentation system 102 may identify users at thesame location as the user. Additionally, the media presentation system102 may communicate with the social networking system to determine thatother users are also at the event.

In determining whether co-users 112 are at the same event as the user,the media presentation system 102 may determine if the user 110 islocated at a specific venue, such as a concert hall, stadium, collegecampus, friend's house, outdoor event, office building, a park,auditorium, etc. (e.g., based on GPS information associated with theuser's 120 device). Based on this information, the media presentationcan determine if one or more co-users 112 are within a thresholdproximity range of the user. The threshold proximity range may increaseor decrease depending on the size of the venue. Alternately, or in thecase that the media presentation system 102 cannot determine the eventvenue, the media presentation system 102 may determine if co-users 112are within a default proximity range of a user 110 (e.g., 20 feet, 50feet, 100 feet, 50 yards, 100 yards, etc.)

In step 1214, the media presentation system 102 may notify co-users 112at the event that the user 110 has invited them to contribute to anevent media presentation. For example, after determining which co-users112 are at the event and/or proximate to the user, the mediapresentation system 102 may send an invitation to the identifiedco-users 112 at the event. The invitation may invite the identifiedco-user 112 to view and contribute to an event presentation initiated bythe user.

In some embodiments, the user 110 may specify co-users 112 to which themedia presentation system 102 should send the invitation. For example,after the media presentation system 102 determines which co-users 112are at the same event as the user, the media presentation system 102 maypresent a list of co-users 112 to the user. The user 110 may select oneor more co-users 112 from the list for the media presentation system 102to invite. Alternatively or in addition, the user 110 may manuallyselect co-users 112 to receive the invitation. For example, the user 110may access a list indicating co-users 112 who are attending the event(e.g., co-users 112 who checked-in to the event or otherwise indicatedtheir attendance, such as via a social networking system). As anotherexample, the user 110 may select users from a contacts list.

In other embodiments, the media presentation system 102 may determinethe co-users 112 that should receive an invitation. For example, themedia presentation system 102 may send the invitation to all co-users112 at the event, to a set number of co-users 112 closest to the user,to a random selection of co-users 112 at the event, to co-users 112 thatshares similar demographics as the user 110 (e.g., similar ages), toco-users 112 that are tangentially connected to the user 110 (e.g.,closeness to the user), to co-users 112 that regularly capture mediasegments, to notable co-users 112, etc. For instance, the mediapresentation system 102 may send the invitation to users who arepositioned at different locations of an event such that the event mediapresentation will include media segments captured from a host ofdifferent perspectives and angles. One will appreciate that the mediapresentation system 102 may determine other methods for selecting whichusers to which to send the invitation.

In step 1216, one or more co-users 112 who receive an invitation cancapture a media segment at the event. For example, a co-user 112 can usehis or her client device to record a video clip or capture a digitalphoto. Upon capturing a media segment, the co-users 112 may share/send(e.g., via their client devices) the media segments to the mediapresentation system 102, shown in step 1218. For example, a clientdevice associated with a co-user 112 may send the media segment to themedia presentation system 102 and the media presentation system 102 canstore the media segment in a database. The client device may also send afile to the media presentation system 102 that includes metadata aboutthe media segment. For instance, the file can indicate that the mediasegment is associated with the event media presentation initiated by theuser.

In some embodiments, the media presentation system 102 may check themedia segment to verify that it corresponds to the event. For example,the media presentation system 102 may verify that the time and/orlocation of the media segment correspond to the location and time of theevent. In alternative embodiments, the media presentation system 102 mayallow co-users 112 to provide media segments regardless of when andwhere the media segments were captured. For example, a user 110 at afriend's party may request that co-users 112 provide media segmentstaken at the party as well as any media segments that feature theirfriend, regardless of when and where the media segments where captured.

After receiving one or more media segments from the user 110 andco-users 112 at the event, the media presentation system 102 cangenerate a media presentation for the event, as step 1220 illustrates.The media presentation system 102 can generate the event mediapresentation by organizing and linking the received media segments fromthe user 110 and co-users 112. As one example, the media presentationsystem 102 may organize and arrange the media segments in the eventmedia presentation based on chronological order of when the mediasegments were captured. As another example, the media presentationsystem 102 may organize and arrange the media segments in the mediapresentation using another metric, such as the length of each mediasegment, the relationship between of the user and the co-user thatcaptured a media segment, or even randomly.

In step 1222, the media presentation system 102 may optionally allow theuser 110 to approve/edit media segments submitted from the co-users 112.For example, the user 110 may indicate (e.g., approve/disapprove)whether one or more media segments should be included in the mediapresentation. In some cases, the media presentation system 102 mayautomatically approve select media segments added to the mediapresentation, such as media segment from friends of the user 110 orusers whom the user 110 has previously approved. Further, in allowingthe user 110 to edit the media presentation, the media presentationsystem 102 may allow the user 110 to delete one or more media segmentsas well as reorder the media segments within the media presentation. Theuser 110 may also edit the media presentation as described above.

The media presentation system 102 may share the event media presentationwith the user 110 and co-users 112 at the event, as shown in step 1224.The media presentation system 102 may share the event media presentationwith co-users 112 who contributed to the media presentation as well asother co-user 112 who are present at the event who have not yetcontributed. Further, the media presentation system 102 may preserve theevent media presentation such that the users and co-users can access themedia presentation, even after the event is over.

In some instances, the media presentation system 102 may allow the user110 and/or co-users 112 to share the media presentation with other usersof the media presentation system 102. For instance, the user 110 mayshare the media presentation with friends not at the event, even whileother co-users at the event are still contributing to the event mediapresentation. In another instance, a co-user 112 may post the eventmedia presentation on a social networking system and allow his or herfriends to view, comment, and contribute to the media presentation.

In some embodiments, the event media presentation may be a foundationmedia presentation that spawns into various different media presentationsystem. For example, a user 110 shares the event media presentation withco-users that were not at the event after the event is over. Whensharing the event media presentation, the media presentation system 102may create a copy or version of the event media presentation to sharebetween the user and co-users. Accordingly, the user and co-user can addmedia segments to and personalize the spawned version of the event mediapresentation. Other groups of users may user the event mediapresentation to spawn separate media presentations that include mediasegments that are also a part of the original event media presentation.In this manner, the media presentation system 102 may allow the eventmedia presentation to serve a starting point for the user 110 andco-users 112 to create their own media presentation among their own setof friends and connections.

In some additional or alternative embodiments, the media presentationsystem 102 may obtain media segments already captured for an event. Inother words, after the user 110 extends an invitation, or requests toinitiate an event media presentation, the media presentation system 102may compile media segments already captured by co-users 112 at theevent. For example, if a user 110 arrives at a concert after the openingact and requests to initiate a media presentation for the concert, themedia presentation system 102 may provide the user 110 with mediasegments showing the opening act to the user. These media segments maybe detected automatically by the media presentation system 102 orprovided by co-users at the event using the systems, methods, andprocesses described above.

As briefly mentioned above, the media presentation system 102 maycommunicate with a social networking system or other system to collectinformation about an event and/or users at the event. For example, asocial networking system may indicate to the media presentation system102 where and when an event is occurring, the name of the event,participates who will be or are at the event, etc. In addition, themedia presentation system 102 may obtain event and user informationbased on a user's or co-user's status on a social networking system orother status-broadcasting system (e.g., FACEBOOK, INSTAGRAM, etc.).

Further, when the media presentation system 102 communicates with anexternal system, such as a social networking system to determine when anevent is occurring, as well as participants at the event, the mediapresentation system 102 may also provide the event media presentation tothe social networking system. To illustrate, a user may set up a socialnetworking system event for a family holiday barbeque. The user mayallow the media presentation system 102 to access her information on thesocial networking system, including the event page. As such, the mediapresentation system 102 may identify the date, time, as well asattendees of the event. During the event, the media presentation system102 may assist a user in creating an event media presentation. The mediapresentation system 102 may share the event media presentation with theuser and co-users at the family holiday barbeque. The media presentationsystem 102 may also post a copy of the event media presentation on theevent page in the social networking system.

In one or more embodiments, the media presentation system 102 mayprovide users with the ability to view a live action (or near liveaction) media segment of an event using their client device. Forexample, the media presentation system 102 may enable a user to stream amedia segment of an event. Further, the media presentation system 102may provide users with multiple live media segment streams of the event.The event may by a public event, such as a concert, sports event,parade, play, tour, festival, show, convention, expo, etc.Alternatively, the event may be a private event, such as dinner amongfriends, a party, a casual get-together, a business meeting, areception, etc. While the event, in general, occurs at one location, insome embodiments, the event may occur across multiple locations (e.g.,an opening night event for a movie occurring at multiple locations).

To illustrate, the media presentation system 102 can provide multiplelive streaming media segments from an event, as shown in FIG. 13A. Forexample, FIG. 13A shows a baseball stadium 1300 that is hosting abaseball game. One or more users of the media presentation system 102may be attending the baseball game at the baseball stadium 1300. Asshown in FIG. 13A, users may be situated at different locationsthroughout the stadium. Users may include Jake 1312 a, Sue 1312 b, Mark1312 c, Lisa 1312 d, and Rob 1312 e (collectively referred to as “users1312”).

Each of the users 1312 may have access to a client device that is ableto capture media segments. Further, one or more of the client devicesmay include the capability to automatically report a location of theclient device to the media presentation system 102. For example, some ofthe client devices may use GPS and/or WI-FI to identify their location.Alternatively, a user may manually input his or her location. Forinstance, the user may identify on a stadium map where he or she isseated in the stadium. In another instance, the user can provide thevenue and seat location to the media presentation system 102.

Regardless of how a client device determines its location, the clientdevice may report its location to the media presentation system 102. Forexample, the users 1312 may each report their location within thebaseball stadium 1300 to the media presentation system 102. Based on thelocation of each user, the media presentation system 102 may create alocation map or schematic that shows each user's location relative tothe baseball stadium 1300 and each other. To illustrate, and as shown inFIG. 13, Jake 1312 a is located next to left field, Sue 1312 b is nearthird base. Mark 1312 c is behind home plate, Lisa 1312 d is along thefirst base line, and Robert 1312 d is located just beyond center field.

During the baseball game, one or more of the users 1312 can provide livestreaming media segments to the media presentation system 102, and themedia presentation system 102 may provide the live streaming mediasegments to other users of the media presentation system 102, as willdescribed below. For example, at different times throughout the baseballgame, Mark 1312 c may use his client device to capture a live streamingmedia segment from behind home plate. For example, when a big hitter isat bat, when there is a play at home plate, when there is a conferenceon the pitcher's mound, etc. Other users 1312 may also capture livestreaming media segments from their respective location within thebaseball stadium 1300. Because the users 1312 are spread out within thebaseball stadium, when more than one user provides a live streamingmedia segment captured at the same time, the media presentation system102 can provide different angles and perspectives of the baseball gameto other users of the media presentation system 102.

In addition to the users 1312 capturing and providing live streamingmedia segments to the media presentation system 102, the mediapresentation system 102 may also obtain live streaming media segmentsfrom a broadcaster, news crew, television network, professionalphotographer, or other entity filming/capturing the baseball game. Asone example, a sports network may be filming the baseball game using anumber of cameras, the media presentation system 102 may provide one ormore of the camera feeds to users of the media presentation system 102as live streaming media segments. As another example, most higher-levelsports stadiums have a large video screen or “big screen” that showslive action and replays of a game. In this example, the mediapresentation system 102 may obtain the camera feed displayed on thevideo screen and provide it as a live streaming media segment.

A user at the baseball game may view one or more live streaming mediasegments provided by the media presentation system 102. In someembodiments, the media presentation system 102 may limit distribution ofthe live streaming media segments captured at the baseball game to onlyusers at the game. For example, the live media segment that Mark 1312 ccaptures may only be viewable to Jake 1312 a, Sue 1312 b, Lisa 1312 d,and Rob 1312 e. Alternatively or additionally, the media presentationsystem 102 may provide the live streaming media segments to other usersof the media presentation system 102 not present at the baseball game.In some cases, the media presentation system 102 may allow others accessto the media segment only after the game finishes, or after a thresholdperiod time has passed since a live streaming media segment was captured(e.g., after a two-hour delay).

In some example embodiments, depending on a user's client devicecapabilities, a user may be able to view multiple live streaming mediasegments at the same time. For example, a client device can provide asplit screen that allows a user to view multiple media segments at thesame time. Further, a user may have a client device that allows fordisplaying a media segment in a media segment (e.g., picture-in-pictureor P-in-P). Using a split screen or picture-in-picture, a user may beable to use their client device to both watch a co-users live streamingmedia segment while also capturing a live media segment stream that isbeing shared with other users.

To further illustrate, FIG. 13B shows a live streaming mediapresentation 1308 that includes multiple live streaming media segments1330 a-n of a baseball game captured by the users 1312 at the baseballgame. For example, the second live streaming media segment 1330 b,captured by Mark 1312 c, shows a live view of the game from behind homeplate and the nth live streaming media segment 1330 n, captured by Lisa1312 d shows a live view of the pitcher. As mentioned above, the livestreaming media presentation 1308 may also include live streaming mediasegments provided by sources other than the users 1312, such as atelevision network or a stadium camera feed. Accordingly, a user at thegame can use his or her client device to access the live streaming mediapresentation 1308 and view live streaming media segments of the gamethat provide additional perspectives of the game to the user.

In some embodiments, the live streaming media presentation 1308 mayinclude a media segment that shows a schematic or map of the eventvenue, as shown in the first media segment 1330 a. As shown, the firstmedia segment 1330 a displays a map of the baseball stadium 1300.Specifically, the first media segment 1330 a in FIG. 13B corresponds tothe baseball stadium 1300 described with respect to FIG. 13A.Accordingly, the map in the first media segment 1330 a may show thelocation of the users 1312 (e.g., Jake 1312 a, Sue 1312 b, Mark 1312 c,Lisa 1312 c, and Rob 1312 e) with respect to their locations within thebaseball stadium 1300.

The map in the first media segment 1330 a may display the location ofusers currently capturing live media segments stream of the baseballgame. Within the media segment 1330 a, the media presentation system 102may show an icon, picture, or other indicator that represents each userat their respective location. Thus, as shown in FIG. 13B, each of Jake1312 a, Sue 1312 b, Mark 1312 c, Lisa 1312 c, and Rob 1312 e arecapturing a live media segment stream of the baseball game and providingthe live streaming media segments to other users of the mediapresentation system 102. As users begin capturing the game, the mediapresentation system 102 may update the media segment 1330 a to reflectthe additional users. Similarly, as users that are currently capturingthe game stop providing a live streaming media segment, the mediapresentation system 102 may remove them from the map in the first livestreaming media segment 1330 a.

In some example embodiments, the map in the first media segment 1330 amay allow a user viewing the map to navigate to other live streamingmedia segments 1330 a-n within the live streaming media presentation1308. For example, a user at the game may view the first live streamingmedia segment 1330 a and may select Mark's picture behind home plate.The user's client device may them display the second media segment 1330b (e.g., the media segment captured by Mark). Accordingly, if the userat the baseball game would like a different view of the game, the mediapresentation system 102 may allow the user to view the baseball gamefrom a other perspectives, as provided by other users of the mediapresentation system 102 also at the baseball game. Further, as mentionedabove, in some example embodiments, the media presentation system 102may enable users not at the baseball game to experience the game fromthe perspective of one or more co-users who are at the game.

In some example embodiments, when a user is viewing a live streamingmedia segment, such as the second media segment 1330 b being captured byMark, the name and/or image of the user capturing the media segment maybe shown within the media segment. For example, Mark's picture is shownin the bottom left corner of the second media segment 1330 b in FIG.13B. Alternatively or in addition, rather than displaying the user, themedia segment may include a map of the baseball stadium along with anindication of the location where the media segment is being captured.For instance, the second media segment 1330 b may display a map of thestadium with an indicator, such as a dot, behind home plate.

As mentioned above, in some example embodiments, the first livestreaming media segment 1330 a may display a map of the baseball stadiumalong with users currently capturing live media segment streams. In someexample embodiments, the first media segment 1330 a can show reducedversions (e.g., thumbnails) of the live streaming media segmentscorresponding to the location of each user. For instance, the map mayshow a smaller version of the second media segment 1330 b on the mapbehind home plate. The map may also include a smaller version of the nthmedia segment 1330 n near first base where Lisa is sitting.

The reduced or smaller version of a live streaming media segment may bea reduced-quality version of the live stream or one or more imagesshowing the perspective from the particular location. Thus, rather thanshowing the users 1312 (or in addition to showing the users 1312) on themap, the first media segment 1330 a shows the live streaming mediasegments overlaid on the map. Even in these embodiments, a user maystill select one of the reduced-size live streaming media segment andthe user's client device will take the user to the corresponding fullsize live streaming media segment.

In one or more embodiments, rather than the map in the first livestreaming media segment 1330 a displaying users who are activelycapturing live streaming media segment, the map in the first mediasegment 1330 a may display all users of the media presentation system102 attending the baseball game regardless of whether they are capturingthe a live media segment. When the map in the first media segment 1330 adisplays all users of the media presentation system 102 at the baseballgame, the media presentation system 102 may allow a user to select aco-user and request that the co-user begin capturing the game. Forexample, Robert 1312 e, who is seated near the outfield, may requestthat Lisa 1312 d capture a live media segment of the picture. Upon Lisa1312 d capturing a media segment of the pitcher, the media presentationsystem 102 may provide Robert with the nth live streaming media segment1330 n. As another example, a user at a concert, who is near the back ofan event center, may request that a co-user in the front row capture amedia segment of the performer so that the user may better see aperformer's face.

In some example embodiments, the media presentation system 102 mayrecord the live streaming media presentation 1308 or store one or morelive streaming media segments 1330 a-n. The media presentation system102 may allow a user to replay the media segments after the event isover. For example, the media presentation system 102 allow a userattending the game to later watch the replay of the live streaming mediapresentation. Further, in some cases, the media presentation system 102may allow a user not at the baseball game access a portion or the entirereplay of the live streaming media presentation 1308.

When replaying the live streaming media presentation 1308 or multiplelive streaming media segments 1330 a-n, the media presentation system102 may align the multiple media segment together so that, even thoughnot live, the user can watch the event from multiple perspectives, as ifthe user were watching the event live. For example, a user accessingmultiple media segments taken at a concert may be able to not onlyre-watch a song, but also seamlessly switch between the streaming mediasegments and view the performer from different vantage points as if heror she were watching the streaming media segment live. In addition, auser replaying the media presentation 1308 may be able to view more thanone recorded media segment as the same time, as described above.

FIG. 14 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1400 for providing, to auser, a live streaming media segment captured by another user inaccordance with one or more embodiments. The method 1400 includes an act1402 of providing, to a first client device, a listing of users at anevent that are not capturing a live streaming media segment, wherein thelisting of users provides a location of the one or more users relativeto an event venue associated with the event. The method 1400 alsoincludes an act 1404 of receiving, from the first client device, arequest for a user on the listing of users to capture the event as alive streaming media segment. The method 1400 further includes an act1406 of sending the request to a second client device associated withthe user on the listing of users. In addition, the method 1400 includesan act 1408 of receiving, from the second client device, a livestreaming media segment of the event. The method 1400 also includes anact 1410 of providing, to the first client device, the live streamingmedia segment received from the second client device.

As mentioned above, one or more users of the media presentation system102 not at an event may be able to view a live streaming mediapresentation of an event captured by co-users or third parties (e.g., atelevision network) at the event. To further illustrate, FIGS. 15A-Bshow a live streaming media presentation list 1506 that includes one ormore media presentations 1508 a-c. As shown, the first mediapresentation 1508 a displays a media presentation that includeslandscapes, the second media presentation 1508 b includes a mediapresentation that includes a live baseball game, and the third mediapresentation 1508 c displays media segments of healthy food.

A client device may present the first media presentation 1508 a and thethird media presentation 1508 c to a user of the client device asdescribed above. For example, the client device may play through eachmedia segment in the first media presentation 1508 a and the third mediapresentation 1508 c when the user gives focus and/or attention to them.In other words, when a user on a client device scrolls or navigates tothe first media presentation 1508 a, the client device may present themedia segments of landscapes from the first media presentation 1508.

The client device may present the second media presentation 1508 b,however, differently from the first media presentation 1508 a and thethird media presentation 1508 c because the second media presentation1508 b may be a live streaming media presentation. As described above, alive streaming media presentation may include one or more live streamingmedia segments of an event. Further, in some embodiments, a livestreaming media segment may include media segments that are related tothe event, as will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 15A, the second media presentation 1508 b displays anotice or message announcing a live baseball game between the Cats andthe Storm. When a user navigates to and views the second mediapresentation 1508 b, for example on a client device, the client devicemay begin streaming live content. For example, the client device maybegin playing a live streaming media segment corresponding to thebaseball game. When multiple live media streams are available for anevent, the user may switch between the various live streaming mediasegments within the live streaming media presentation 1508 b, asdescribed below. For instance, the client device may switch the displayfrom the media presentation list 1506 to displaying one or more livestreaming media segments 1530 a-n from the second live streaming mediapresentation 1508 b, as illustrated in FIG. 15A. Depending on thecapabilities of the client device, the client device may be able todisplay more than one live streaming media segments from the second livestreaming media presentation 1508 b as the same time.

In some example embodiments, the client device can provide differentpresentation layouts that a user can select when viewing multiple livestreaming media segments. For example, a user may select to have onemedia segment expand to fill the display of a client device.Alternatively, the user may have the client device stream all visiblemedia segments at the same time. For example, of the client device has alarge display screen, the client device may be able to stream a numberof live streaming media segments at the same time.

In an alternative embodiment, the user may select an option to scaledown each media segments such that all media segments are viewable atone time. Additionally, the user may select an option to view only aselect number of media segments at one time. Further, when viewingmultiple live streaming media segments at the same time, a client devicemay present a user with options to overlay one or more media segments onanother media segment. For example, the user may select an option tooverlay a reduced version the second live streaming media segment 1530 aover another live streaming media segment. Additionally, when viewingmultiple live streaming media segments at the same time, the clientdevice may allow the user to select an audio stream to which to listen.Often however, a single audio stream will correspond to many, if notall, live streaming media segments (e.g., a radio broadcast of abaseball game).

As shown in FIG. 15A, the second live streaming media presentation 2408b for the baseball game may include a first live streaming media segment1530 a, a second live streaming media segment 1530 b, and a nth livestreaming media segment 1530 n. Each live streaming media segment mayrepresent a type of live streaming media segment that a client devicemay display to a user. For example, the first live streaming mediasegment 1530 a may include information about the baseball game. Thesecond live streaming media segment 1530 b may include live action fromthe baseball game. The nth live streaming media segment 1430 n mayinclude highlights and replays from the baseball game.

The first live streaming media segment 1530 a may be an eventinformation media segment and may dynamically update to provide currentgame information to a user about the baseball game (e.g., a live“scoreboard”). As shown in FIG. 15A, the first live streaming mediasegment 1530 a shows game information, such as the current score, thenumber of hits, the number of errors, as well as the current status ofthe baseball game. For other sporting events, the first live streamingmedia segment 1530 a may display the time remaining, time-outs, currentprogress of the game, etc.

Further, depending on the type of event, the first live streaming mediasegment 1530 a may display different types information. For instance, inthe case that the live event is a concert or performance, the first livestreaming media segment 1530 a may display the performer(s) currently onstage, the song or number being performed, current lyrics, who performedpreviously, who is scheduled to perform next, and/or information aboutthe venue or the performers themself. One will appreciate that an eventinformation media segment may include a variety of information that auser may find beneficial.

In some embodiments, the first live streaming media segment 1530 a mayexpand to include additional event information media segments. Forinstance, upon a user selecting an option on a client device to expandthe first live streaming media segment 1530 a, the client device maypresent the user with a list of event information media segments 1532.For example, FIG. 15 shows the list of event information media segments1532 including a first event information media segment 1534 a, a secondevent information media segment 1434 b, and a third event informationmedia segment 1534 c. The event information media segments 1534 a-c mayprovide additional information regarding the baseball game. For example,the first event information media segment 1534 a shows statistics forthe Cats, such as a list of players and their statistics for the game,season, and/or careers. The second event information media segment 1534b may show similar statistics for the Storm. Further, the third eventinformation media segment 1534 c may display a game summary.

In some example embodiments, when a user is viewing one or more livestreaming media segments 1530 a-n, the media presentation system 102 mayprovide an information media segment as overlay across, above, adjacentto, etc., the one or more media segments that includes information aboutthe event. For example, a client device may display an event informationmedia segment (e.g., the first live streaming media segment 1230 a)adjacent to, or above another live streaming media segment. The eventinformation media segment may remain in place on the display of theclient device even with a user switches the other live streaming mediasegments the user is viewing (e.g., other live streaming events scrollunder the event information media segment). In addition, the clientdevice may provide the user with options that allows the user to hide,resize, and/or reposition the first live streaming media segment 1530 a.Further, the client device may provide the user with options to specifywhat information is included in the event information media segment,such as teams playing the baseball game, the score, and/or other gameinformation, as described above.

Returning to the second live streaming media presentation 1508 b, thesecond live streaming media segment 1530 b may display a live stream ofthe baseball game. The second live streaming media presentation 1508 bmay include any number of live streaming media segments that displaylive streams of the baseball game. The different live streaming mediasegments may provide a user with a different viewing experience of thebaseball game. As described above in connection with FIGS. 13A-B,co-users at and/or third-party sources the baseball game may capturelive media segment streams, and the media presentation system 102 mayprovide the live streaming media segments to the user to view.

The third live streaming media segment 1530 c may be a highlight mediasegment and may display highlights of the baseball game. A user using aclient device may select or focus on the third live streaming mediasegment 1530 n, upon which, a client device may present the user withone or more highlight media segments. For example, FIG. 15B, which is acontinuation of FIG. 15A, shows a highlight media segment list 1536 thatthe media presentation system 102 may provide to a user upon the userselecting the third live streaming media segment 1530 n.

The highlight media segment list 1536 may include one or more highlightmedia segments, such as a first highlight media segment 1538 a, a secondhighlight media segment 1538 b, and a third highlight media segment 1538c. Each highlight media segment 1538 a-c may represent a highlight inthe baseball game. For example, the first highlight media segment 1538a, may highlight a player, Smith, hitting a homerun in the fifth inning.Further, each highlight media segment 1538 a-c may provide an indicationto content of the highlight. The indication may be an image, a videoclip, text, and/or another type of indication.

When only one highlight media segment is available for a highlight, aclient device may play the highlight media segment within the highlightmedia segment list 1236. Alternatively, when multiple highlight mediasegments are available for a highlight, a client device may provide auser with an additional list of media segments for the highlight. Toillustrate, a client device may display an indication to the user thatthe second highlight media segment 1538 includes multiple highlightmedia segments for a double play by the Cats. Upon a user selecting(e.g., navigating to, giving focus, providing user input, etc.) thesecond highlight media segment 1538 b, a client device may provide theuser with a double play media segment list 1540.

As shown in FIG. 15B, the double play media segment list 1540 includefour double play media segments 1542 a-d. Each double play media segmentmay show the double play highlight from different users and/or differentangles or perspectives. Accordingly, when a user selects the Cat'sdouble play highlight (e.g., the second highlight media segment 1538 b),a client device may allow a user to view and replay the double play froma number of angles and perspectives (e.g., captured from users locatedin various locations at the baseball stadium as described above).

In some embodiments, the media presentation system 102 may intelligentlyidentify one or more highlights. To illustrate, the media presentationsystem 102 may detect that a significant event (e.g., a significant act)has occurred at the event. For instance, the media presentation system102 may detect that a change in the game status has occurred. If theevent is a baseball game, the media presentation system 102 can identifywhen a homerun, a double play, an error, or other major play occurs, forexample, based on changes in the game information. If the event is aconcert, the media presentation system 102 may detect when a particularsong was performed. In some instances, the media presentation system 102may user social media (e.g., hashtags, status updates, etc.) todetermine at what time a significant event occurred.

In addition to determining the occurrence of a significant event, themedia presentation system 102 may identify that one or more users orthird-party sources at the event have captured the significant event.For example, after determining that a double play occurred at thebaseball game between the Cats and the Storm (e.g., based on a change inthe game information), the media presentation system 102 may identifythat at least four users captured the double play as a media segment bymatching a time period associated with the change in game informationwith a time period associated with the four media segments. In addition,the media presentation system 102 can analyze the media segments tofurther refine the portion of each media segment that corresponds withthe significant event. Accordingly, the media presentation system 102may add the four media segments to the double play media segment list1540 shown in FIG. 15B.

Similarly, the media presentation system 102 may identify that an aboveaverage number of users are capturing a media segment at an event. Forexample, when a baseball player was up at bat for the last time in hiscareer, or when a celebrity makes an unexpected appearance at an event,a larger-than-average number of users may have captured the event. Whenthe media presentation system 102 detects an increase in the number ofmedia segments, the media presentation system 102 may store the mediasegments as a highlight. Further, when the media presentation system 102identifies the reason for the above-average interest and number ofcaptured media segment at an event, the media presentation system 102can create a label/title for the highlight media segments. Additionallyor alternatively, the media presentation system 102 may allow users toprovide information about the highlight media segments, such asproviding a title for the highlight media segments.

In one or more embodiments, the media presentation system may remove orpromote highlights within an event media presentation (e.g., the secondlive streaming media presentation 1508 b). For example, the mediapresentation system 102 may promote or remove a highlight based on userfeedback, such as user votes or ratings. If a highlight or a highlightmedia segment within a highlight receives a threshold number of negativefeedback, the media presentation system 102 may remove the highlight orhighlight media segment. The threshold may be a based on of theproportion of negative feedback votes to the number of views and/or theproportion of negative feedback votes to the number of positive feedbackvotes. Further, the media presentation system 102 may not remove orpromote a highlight unless the highlight has a minimum number offeedback votes and/or views. For instance, the media presentation system102 may determine to remove a highlight that has been viewed over 100times, and has over 50 feedback votes, because over half of the feedbackis negative.

FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1600 for providing a livestreaming media segment to a user in accordance with one or moreembodiments. The method 1600 includes an act 1602 of receiving, from oneor more client devices associated with one or more users, a plurality oflive streaming media segments corresponding to an event. The method 1600also includes an act 1604 of providing, to a client device, a livestreaming media presentation of the event, the live streaming mediapresentation providing access to the plurality of live streaming mediasegments corresponding to the event. The method 1600 further includes anact 1606 of receiving, from the client device, a request to access oneor more of the live streaming media segments within the live streamingmedia presentation. In addition, the method 1600 includes an act 1608 ofproviding, to the client device, the one or more requested livestreaming media segments.

FIG. 17 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1700 for generating asignificant act (“highlights”) media presentation in accordance with oneor more embodiments. The method 1700 includes an act 1702 of detecting asignificant act at an event. The method 1700 also includes an act 1704of identifying one or more live streaming media segments captured by oneor more client devices associated with one or more users of a mediapresentation system. The method 1700 further includes an act 1706 ofreceiving the identified one or more live streaming media segments fromthe one or more client devices. In addition, the method 1700 includes anact 1708 of organizing the received live streaming media segments into asignificant act media presentation. The method 1700 also includes an act1710 of providing the significant act media presentation to a clientdevice.

In some example embodiments, the media presentation system 102 maygenerate a “favorites” media presentation for a user. FIG. 18illustrates an example embodiment where the media presentation system102 generates a favorites media presentation. In particular, FIG. 18illustrates Media Presentation A 1808 a and Media Presentation B 1808 b.As illustrated, Media Presentation A 1808 a and Media Presentation B1808 b both include four (4) media segments. For example, MediaPresentation A 1808 a includes media segments 1830 a-d that relate tolandscapes and nature and Media Presentation B 1508 b includes mediasegments 1832 a-d that relate to sports.

Within each media presentation, a user can mark or tag a media segmentas a “favorite.” For example, as illustrated in FIG. 18, the user maymark the first media segment 1830 a and the fourth media segment 1830 dfrom Media Presentation A 1808 a as favorites. The user may also markthe first media segment 1832 c and the second media segment 1832 d fromMedia Presentation B 1808 b as favorites. As show in FIG. 18, mediasegments that are designated as favorites have stars in the top rightcorner of the media segment. Media segments that the user has notindicated as a favorite do not include stars. Alternatively, mediasegments that the user has not indicated as a favorite may display ahollow star in the top right corner. One will appreciate that a varietyof methods may be employed for marking a media segment as a favorite andfor indicating when a user has marked a media segment as a favorite. Forinstance, a client device may display a heart on media segments that auser has marked or tagged as a favorite.

The media presentation system 102 may automatically, or upon a user'srequest, create a favorites media presentation 1808 c. The favoritesmedia presentation 1808 c may include one or more media segments thatthe user has marked as a favorite from across media presentations in amedia presentation list.

For instance, as shown in FIG. 18, Media Presentation C 1808 c shows amedia presentation that includes user-tagged media segments from MediaPresentation A 1808 a and Media Presentation B 1808 b.

Specifically, FIG. 18 illustrates that Media Presentation C 1808 cincludes the first media segment 1832 a and the second media segment1832 b from Media Presentation A 1808 a. Media Presentation C alsoincludes the first media segment 1832 a and the second media segment1832 b from Media Presentation B 1808 b. Further, Media Presentation C1808 c may include other media segments that a user has marked as afavorite.

The media presentation system 102 may arrange the media segments inMedia Presentation C 1808 c based on a number of factors, such as byage, when the media segment was marked as a favorite, user preference,which user provided the media segment, general popularity, etc. Inadditional or alternative embodiments, the media presentation system 102may allow a user to manually order or re-order media segments in thefavorites media presentation.

Further, the media presentation system 102 may limit the number offavorites within the favorites media presentation or create multiplefavorite media presentations based on different criteria. For example,the media presentation system 102 may only include favored mediasegments that are less than a threshold age (e.g., added in the last dayor week) or threshold amount of time since a user marked the mediasegment as a favorite. In one or more additional embodiments, a favoritemedia presentation may include only a limited number of media segmentsin the favorites media presentation, such as ten (10) favored mediasegments. In another favorite media presentation, the media presentationsystem 102 may include all media segments marked as a favorite by theuser regardless of date added, or number of other media segments in thepresentation. In this case (or other cases), the media presentationsystem 102 may allow a user to unmark a media segment as a favoritewithin the favorite media presentation when the user no longer wants toinclude the media segment in the favorite media presentation.

After the media presentation system 102 creates one or more favoritemedia presentations, the media presentation system 102 may include thefavorite media presentations in a user's media presentation list 1806along with other media presentations shared with the user. Toillustrate, before the media presentation system 102 creates MediaPresentation C 1808 c, a client device may only display MediaPresentation B 1808 c and Media Presentation B 1808 b in the mediapresentation list 1806 a. Upon creating a favorite media presentation,the client device may expand the media presentation list 1806 a tofurther include the Media Presentation C 1808 c as part of an expandedmedia presentation list 1806 a-b.

In a similar manner, in one or more embodiments, the media presentationsystem 102 may automatically create other media presentations. Asfurther described below, the media presentation system 102 may create atopical or categorical media presentation, an unplayed mediapresentation (e.g., unviewed media segments), and/or a popular,featured, or trending (e.g., within the last hour, 12 hours, 24-hours,or another specified amount of time) media presentation. The mediapresentation system 102 may generate each of these media presentationsautomatically, and/or upon a user's request.

For example, and as shown in FIG. 19, the media presentation system 102may generate a media presentation based on a topic or category selectedby a user. For example, the user may request to view a mediapresentation that includes media segment of animals. The mediapresentation system 102 may search for media segments, within one ormore of the user's media presentations or across the media presentationsystem 102 as a whole, for media segments that include animals. Forinstance, the media presentation system 102 may identify media segmentsthat include #ZooAnimals.

To illustrate, FIG. 19 illustrates a media presentation 1908 thatincludes media segments 1930 a-c of zoo animals. For example, the mediapresentation system 102 may search each media segment within the user'smedia presentation list to identify media segments that have been taggedas having the words “zoo animal” or being associated with a zoo animal.Additionally, the media presentation system 102 may search mediasegments within the media presentation list of co-users connected to theuser to identify media segments that are associated with zoo animals.Further, in some cases, the media presentation system 102 may searchmedia segments within the media presentation system 102 for mediasegments that are associated with zoo animals.

In addition, the media presentation system 102 may generate a mediapresentation of unplayed media segments from across a user's mediapresentation list. For example, the media presentation system 102 maycompile an unplayed media presentation that includes currently unplayedmedia segments. The media presentation system 102 may include theunplayed media presentation in a user's media presentation list. Themedia presentation system 102 may also prioritize the unplayed mediapresentation in the user's media presentation list so the user firstsees the unplayed media presentation upon returning and when viewing hisor her media presentation list.

In some instances, the media presentation system 102 may limit mediasegments in the unplayed media presentation to media segments addedsince the user last logged in or accessed the user's media presentationlist, unplayed media segments within a time period (e.g., the previous24 hours, week, etc.) or to include all unplayed media segment in auser's media presentation list. Further, the media presentation system102 may allow a user to configure the parameters to determine whichunplayed media segments are included in the unplayed media presentation.

Further, the unplayed media presentation may provide a user withcontextual navigation when playing an unplayed media segment. Forinstance, the media presentation system 102 may allow a user to navigateto the media presentation to which the unplayed media segment belongs,so that the user can view the unplayed media segment in the propercontext. The media presentation system 102 may also provide the user theability to return to the unplayed media presentation and resume watchingother unplayed media segments.

After the user watches an unplayed media segment, whether in theunplayed media segment or in the media presentation to which theunplayed media segment belongs, the media presentation system 102 mayremove the media segment from the unplayed media presentation.Alternatively, the media presentation system 102 may leave the unplayedmedia segment in the unplayed media presentation for a threshold periodof time, such as 5 minutes, 30 minutes, an hour, 12 hours, a day, etc.In some cases, the media presentation system 102 may leave the unplayedmedia segment in the unplayed media presentation until the next time theusers leaves and again access an application that facilitatesinteractions with the media presentation system 102.

In an additional embodiment, the media presentation system 102 mayautomatically generate a media presentation of media segments that arepopular or trending across the media presentation system 102. In oneexample, the media presentation system 102 may create a popular mediapresentation using media segments within a user's media presentationlist. In another example, the media presentation system 102 creates thepopular media presentation based on media segments that are popular ortending based on interest of the user, what co-users associated with theuser are viewing/liking, and/or media segments that are trending acrossthe media presentation system 102.

As briefly discussed above, in one or more embodiments, the mediapresentation system 102 may provide one or more options to a user torestrict one or more media segments or media presentations from theuser's media presentation list. To further illustrate, FIG. 20 shows anexample embodiment of the media presentation system 102 providingrestriction options to a user within a media presentation 2008 on aclient device 500. The client device 500 displayed in FIG. 20 may be oneembodiment of the client device 500 illustrated in FIG. 5. As such, theclient device 500 may include a GUI 502 that displays various views byway of the touch screen 504. Further, the GUI 502 shown in FIG. 20 mayinclude the first area 506 a and the second area 506 b, as describedabove.

As shown in FIG. 20, the first area 506 a includes a media presentation2008 and user options, such as a “share” option 2010, a “hide” option2012, or a “more” option 2014. The client device 500 may present theuser options as graphical user interface elements, such as graphicalbuttons, within the first graphical user interface area 2008. The clientdevice 500 may hide the user option when the user has not provided userinput (e.g., a tap or swipe) to the touchscreen 504 to the client device500 for a minimum amount of time (e.g., one or two seconds).

When a user selects the share option 2010, the client device 500 mayprovide the user with a sharing interface to share the media segment orthe media presentation with one or more co-users, as described above.For example, the client device 500 may display the sharing interface inthe second area 506 b (not shown). Similarly, when a user selects themore option 2014, the media presentation system 102 may presentadditional user options to the user, such as the option to the reportinappropriate content, like the media segment, like the mediapresentation, and/or add a media segment to the media presentation. Uponselecting the more option 2014, the client device 500 may display a moreoptions interface in the second area 506 b (not shown) that includes oneor more of the more options listed above.

Upon a user selecting the hide option 2012, the client device 500 maydisplay a restrictions interface in the second area 506 b, asillustrated in FIG. 20. The restrictions interface 2016 may include oneor more additional options for a user to select that enables a user tohide, restrict, or otherwise block a media segment, media presentation,or co-user. As illustrated in FIG. 20, the user has selected the hideoption 2012, which is indicated by the hide option being highlighted.

As further illustrated in FIG. 20, the second graphical user interfacearea 506 b displays the restriction interface, that includes the option2020 to hide the current media segment from the media presentation 2008,the option 2022 to hide all segments from a particular user (e.g., Kim)from the media presentation 2008, the option 2024 to hide/block allmedia segments from the particular user (e.g., Kim) in all mediapresentations within the user's media presentation list, or the option2026 to hide the current media segment for a set time period (e.g.,24-hours, 1-week, etc.). One will appreciate that the media presentationsystem 102 may present, via the client device 500, an additional numberof restriction options to a user, such as blocking all mediapresentations created by a particular co-user, unblocking a mediasegment or user, moving the co-user's media segments to the end of amedia presentation, or skipping the co-user's media segment for a setnumber of plays of a media presentation.

In an alternative embodiment, rather than displaying the restrictioninterface in the second area 506 b, the client device may apply adefault restriction option upon the user selecting the hide option 2012.For example, the client device 500 may temporarily hide the mediasegment from the media presentation 2008 for 24-hours upon the userselecting the hide option 2012. Further, the default restriction optionmay change based on the number of times a particular media segment hasbeen hidden and/or the number of time a co-user has been restricted. Forexample, upon the third time that the user selects the hide option 2012for a particular media segment, the client device 500 may hide the mediasegment from the media presentation 2008. If the client device 500detects a pattern of the user hiding media segments from a particularuser (e.g., the user generally hides media segments from the particularuser), the client device 500 may automatically, or with user consent,hide all media segments from that particular user.

Along the lines of hiding a media segment or media presentation, themedia presentation system 102 may censor media segments and mediapresentations based on a user's censorship preferences. To illustrate,FIG. 21 displays a flow diagram showing a method 2100 of the mediapresentation system 102 censoring content. The media presentation system1012 may censor a media segment or media presentation based on userfeedback, as described below.

For purposes of explanation, the media presentation system 102 performsthe steps described in FIG. 21, however, a client device, such as thefirst client device 104 a and the second client device 104 b describedwith respect to FIG. 1, may equally perform the steps described in FIG.21. Likewise, a client device and the media presentation system 102 maycollectively perform the steps described in FIG. 21.

In step 2102, the media presentation system 102 may receive a mediasegment. For example, a media segment may be captured by a client deviceand sent to the media presentation system 102 as part of a mediapresentation. The media segment may include inappropriate content.

In step 2104, the media presentation system 102 may determine whether auser has a maturity level setting or preference in place. In otherwords, when a media segment is shared with a user, the mediapresentation system 102 may first check preferences for the user todetermine if the media presentation system 102 should filter out contentthat the user has specified as inappropriate. For example, the mediapresentation system 102 may determine if a user has requested not toreceive explicit content.

In some cases, the maturity level setting or explicit content filter maybe automatically applied for a user. For example, users under the age of21 may automatically have maturity level set to equal the user's currentage. For instance, if a user is 15, the user may not be able to viewcontent designated for users under the age of 16. In other cases, aparent, guardian, or administrator may specify the maturity level foranother user. For instance, a company administrator may set a maturitylevel that blocks all inappropriate media segments received on companyproperty.

If the user does not have a maturity level set (manually orautomatically), the media presentation system 102 may allow the mediasegment to be presented to the user, as step 2106 indicates. Forexample, the media presentation system 102 may send the media segment toa client device associated with the user.

If the user does have a maturity rating, however, the media presentationsystem 102 may further analyze the media segment to determine if themedia segment satisfies the maturity level set by the user. For example,as step 2108 illustrates, the media presentation system 102 maydetermine whether a user that created the media segment marked the mediasegment as being explicit or having a designated a maturity level. Forinstance, the user that created the media segment may indicate that themedia segment is not appropriate for users under the age of 14. Further,the user that created the media segment may indicate that the mediasegment includes explicit content.

In some cases, the media presentation system 102 may analyze the mediasegment and detect the presence of mature content, such as inappropriatelanguage, nudity, violence, etc. If the media presentation system 102detects explicit content, the user that created the media presentationsystem 102 may recommend to a user that created the media segment to adda maturity warning or set a maturity age. Alternatively, the mediapresentation system 102 may automatically assign a maturity warning tothe media segment.

If the creator of the media segment has marked the media segment asexplicit, the media presentation system 102 may block the media segmentfrom a user, as shown in step 2110. In particular, if the media segmentis part of a media presentation, the media presentation system 102 mayskip the media segment from playing in the media presentation or noteven include the media segment in a media presentation when providingthe media presentation to a user who has a maturity rating enabled.Further, in some cases, the media presentation system 102 may provide anindication to a user that a media segment has been blocked from themedia presentation.

If the creator of the media segment has not marked the media segment asmature or inappropriate, the media presentation system 102 may determinewhether a threshold number of viewers have tagged the media segment asinappropriate (e.g., crowd sourcing censorship), illustrated in step2112. More specifically, the media presentation system 102 may identifythe number of users that have hidden the media segment, blocked themedia segment, or flagged the media segment as inappropriate (e.g.,explicit, inappropriate for users under the age of x, contains maturecontent, etc.). The media presentation system 102 may compare the numberof users that have hidden, blocked, or flagged the media segment anddetermine if the number is above a threshold. For example, if ten (10)users have reported a media segment as inappropriate, the mediapresentation system 102 may block the media segment from a user. Themedia presentation system 102 may also designate a media segment asinappropriate when a minimum percentage of viewers (e.g., 30% ofviewers) have marked the segment as inappropriate. If a threshold numberof users have marked the media segment as inappropriate, the mediapresentation system 102 may block the media segment from the user, asshown in step 2110.

In some embodiments, the media presentation system 102 may apply asliding scale based on the number of users that flag a media segment asinappropriate to determine the appropriateness of a media segment for agiven user. As a simplistic example, the media presentation system 102may determine the age for which the media segment is appropriate basedon the number of times users flagged a media segment as inappropriate.For instance, if a media segment has been flagged twelve (12) times forinappropriateness, the media presentation system 102 may determine thatthe media segment is inappropriate for users under the age of 12. If themedia segment is then flagged as inappropriate twice more (i.e.,fourteen (14) times total), the media presentation system 102 maydetermine that the media segment is inappropriate for users under theage of 14. One will appreciate that the media presentation system 102can apply a different sliding scale rate between the number of times amedia segment is marked as inappropriate and the maturity ratingassigned to a media segment.

Similarly, the media presentation system 102 may consider the percentageof viewers who mark a media segment as inappropriate in relation to thetotal number of users that have viewed the media segment. For example,if a media segment has 1,000 counts of reported inappropriateness, themedia presentation system 102 will likely determine that the mediasegment is marked inappropriate. If the media segment, however, has beenviewed over one million times, the 1,000 counts of reportedinappropriateness represents less than 0.1% of users who have viewed themedia segment and the media segment may not be inappropriate. On theother hand, if over 30% of user who view a media segment report themedia segment as inappropriate and the media segment has been viewedover 100 times, the media presentation system 102 may assign a maturitywarning to the media segment.

If, however, a threshold number of users have not marked the mediasegment as inappropriate or mature for certain audiences such as theuser, the media presentation system 102 may determine whether the userhas tagged the media segment as inappropriate, as shown in step 2114.For example, the user may watch a media segment and determine that theuser does not want to continue watching or re-watch the media segment.Accordingly, the user may personally mark or tag the media segment asinappropriate. Upon the user tagging the media segment as inappropriate,the media presentation system may block the media segment, as step 2110illustrates. Otherwise, if the user has not marked the media segment asinappropriate, the media presentation system 102 may allow the user toaccess (e.g., play) the media segment, as step 2106 illustrates.

In one or more embodiments, the media presentation system 102 may alsodetermine if co-users connected to the user have indicated that themedia segment contains inappropriate content. For example, if a parenttags a media segment as inappropriate, the media presentation system 102may block the media segment for both the parent as well as for theirchildren (in the case that both users have access to the media segmentor have the media segment on their own media presentation list). In somecases, a parent may mark a media segment as inappropriate for usersunder 18. In this case, the media presentation system 102 may block themedia segment from any children the parent has that is under 18, but themedia presentation system 102 may not block the media segment for anychildren the parent has over 18, or for the parent.

Similarly, in some embodiments, the media presentation system 102 mayidentify if friends, family, or other acquaintances have marked a mediasegment as inappropriate. The media presentation system 102 may givegreater weight when co-users connected to a user have marked a mediasegment as inappropriate. For example, when two or more friends of auser mark a media segment as inappropriate, and the user has maturityratings in place, the media presentation system 102 may block the mediasegment from being provided to the user.

FIG. 22 illustrates a flowchart of a method 2200 for censoring a mediasegment in a media presentation in accordance with one or moreembodiments. The method 2200 includes an act 2202 of receiving, at aclient device associated with a user, a media segment having a definedmaturity level. The method 2200 also includes an act 2204 of determiningwhether the user has set a maturity level. The method 2200 furtherincludes an act 2206 of determining whether the media segment violatesthe maturity level set by the user. In addition, based on thedetermination that the user has not set a maturity level or thedetermination that the media segment does not violate the maturity levelset by the user, the method 2200 includes an act 2208 of presenting themedia segment to the user. Based on the determination that the user hasset a maturity level and that the media segment violates the maturitylevel set by the user, the method 2200 also includes an act 2210 ofblocking access by the user to the media segment.

FIG. 23 illustrates a flowchart of a method 2300 for sharing an appendedmedia presentation in accordance with one or more embodiments. Themethod 2300 can be performed by the social networking system 108 and/orthe media presentation system 102 described herein. To illustrate, themethod 2300 includes an act 2302 of maintaining a plurality of mediapresentations for a user. In particular, the act 2302 may involvemaintaining, for a user associated with a client device 104 a, aplurality of media presentations, the plurality of media presentationseach including one or more media segments received from a plurality ofco-users of a media presentation system 102.

The method 2300 also includes an act 2304 of receiving a first mediasegment to append to a media presentation. In particular, the act 2304may involve receiving, from the client device associated with the user,a first media segment to append to a media presentation of the pluralityof media presentations. For example, the act 2304 may involve receivinga media segment from the first client device 104 a, where a user 110associated with the first client device 104 a provided the mediasegment. The act 2304 may also involve receiving a media stream from athird-party, such as a broadcaster or news entity.

In addition, the method 2300 includes an act 2306 of appending the firstmedia segment to the media presentation. In particular, the act 2306 caninvolve appending the first media segment to the media presentation tocreate an appended media presentation. In some example embodiments, theact 2306 may also involve logically joining (e.g., within a mediapresentation database) the first media segments to other media segmentswithin a configuration file corresponding to the media presentation.

The method 2300 also includes an act 2308 of receiving an indication toshare the appended media presentation. In particular, the act 2308 mayinvolve receiving, from the client device associated with the user, anindication to share the appended media presentation with one or moreco-users. In addition, the method 2300 may include the act of providing,to the client device associated with the user, a list of co-usersconnected to the user within the media presentation system, wherereceiving an indication to share the appended media presentation withthe one or more co-users includes receiving a selection of the one ormore co-users from the list of co-users with which to share the appendedmedia presentation.

The method 2300 further includes an act 2310 of sending the appendedmedia presentation. In particular, the act 2310 may involve sending theappended media presentation to one or more client devices associatedwith the one or more co-users. For example, the act 2310 may involveproviding the appended media presentation to the one or more co-usersvia the media presentation system 102. In some example embodiments, themedia presentation system 102 is a messaging communication system or asocial networking system.

In addition to the foregoing, embodiments of the present invention alsocan be described in terms of flowcharts comprising acts and steps in amethod for accomplishing a particular result. For example, FIGS. 4, 9,14, 16, 17, and 22-23, which are described above, illustrate flowchartsof exemplary methods in accordance with one or more embodiments of thepresent invention. The methods described in relation to FIGS. 4, 9, 14,16, 17, and 22-23 can be performed with less or more steps/acts or thesteps/acts can be performed in differing orders. Additionally, thesteps/acts described herein can be repeated or performed in parallelwith one another or in parallel with different instances of the same orsimilar steps/acts.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise or utilize a specialpurpose or general-purpose computer including computer hardware, suchas, for example, one or more processors and system memory, as discussedin greater detail below. Embodiments within the scope of the presentdisclosure also include physical and other computer-readable media forcarrying or storing computer-executable instructions and/or datastructures. In particular, one or more of the processes described hereinmay be implemented at least in part as instructions embodied in anon-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or morecomputing devices (e.g., any of the media content access devicesdescribed herein). In general, a processor (e.g., a microprocessor)receives instructions, from a non-transitory computer-readable medium,(e.g., a memory, etc.), and executes those instructions, therebyperforming one or more processes, including one or more of the processesdescribed herein.

Computer-readable media can be any available media that can be accessedby a general purpose or special purpose computer system.Computer-readable media that store computer-executable instructions arenon-transitory computer-readable storage media (devices).Computer-readable media that carry computer-executable instructions aretransmission media. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation,embodiments of the disclosure can comprise at least two distinctlydifferent kinds of computer-readable media: non-transitorycomputer-readable storage media (devices) and transmission media.

Non-transitory computer-readable storage media (devices) includes RAM,ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM, solid state drives (“SSDs”) (e.g., based on RAM),Flash memory, phase-change memory (“PCM”), other types of memory, otheroptical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storagedevices, or any other medium which can be used to store desired programcode means in the form of computer-executable instructions or datastructures and which can be accessed by a general purpose or specialpurpose computer.

A “network” is defined as one or more data links that enable thetransport of electronic data between computer systems and/or modulesand/or other electronic devices. When information is transferred orprovided over a network or another communications connection (eitherhardwired, wireless, or a combination of hardwired or wireless) to acomputer, the computer properly views the connection as a transmissionmedium. Transmissions media can include a network and/or data linkswhich can be used to carry desired program code means in the form ofcomputer-executable instructions or data structures and which can beaccessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. Combinationsof the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media.

Further, upon reaching various computer system components, program codemeans in the form of computer-executable instructions or data structurescan be transferred automatically from transmission media tonon-transitory computer-readable storage media (devices) (or viceversa). For example, computer-executable instructions or data structuresreceived over a network or data link can be buffered in RAM within anetwork interface module (e.g., a “NIC”), and then eventuallytransferred to computer system RAM and/or to less volatile computerstorage media (devices) at a computer system. Thus, it should beunderstood that non-transitory computer-readable storage media (devices)can be included in computer system components that also (or evenprimarily) utilize transmission media.

Computer-executable instructions comprise, for example, instructions anddata which, when executed at a processor, cause a general purposecomputer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing deviceto perform a certain function or group of functions. In someembodiments, computer-executable instructions are executed on ageneral-purpose computer to turn the general-purpose computer into aspecial purpose computer implementing elements of the disclosure. Thecomputer executable instructions may be, for example, binaries,intermediate format instructions such as assembly language, or evensource code. Although the subject matter has been described in languagespecific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to beunderstood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is notnecessarily limited to the described features or acts described above.Rather, the described features and acts are disclosed as example formsof implementing the claims.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the disclosure may bepracticed in network computing environments with many types of computersystem configurations, including, personal computers, desktop computers,laptop computers, message processors, hand-held devices, multi-processorsystems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics,network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, mobile telephones,PDAs, tablets, pagers, routers, switches, and the like. The disclosuremay also be practiced in distributed system environments where local andremote computer systems, which are linked (either by hardwired datalinks, wireless data links, or by a combination of hardwired andwireless data links) through a network, both perform tasks. In adistributed system environment, program modules may be located in bothlocal and remote memory storage devices.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can also be implemented in cloudcomputing environments. In this description, “cloud computing” isdefined as a model for enabling on-demand network access to a sharedpool of configurable computing resources. For example, cloud computingcan be employed in the marketplace to offer ubiquitous and convenienton-demand access to the shared pool of configurable computing resources.The shared pool of configurable computing resources can be rapidlyprovisioned via virtualization and released with low management effortor service provider interaction, and then scaled accordingly.

A cloud-computing model can be composed of various characteristics suchas, for example, on-demand self-service, broad network access, resourcepooling, rapid elasticity, measured service, and so forth. Acloud-computing model can also expose various service models, such as,for example, Software as a Service (“SaaS”), Platform as a Service(“PaaS”), and Infrastructure as a Service (“IaaS”). A cloud-computingmodel can also be deployed using different deployment models such asprivate cloud, community cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud, and soforth. In this description and in the claims, a “cloud-computingenvironment” is an environment in which cloud computing is employed.

FIG. 24 illustrates a block diagram of exemplary computing device 2400that may be configured to perform one or more of the processes describedabove. One will appreciate that one or more computing devices such asthe computing device 2400 may implement the media presentation system102 and/or computing devices 104 a, 104 b, 104, and 300. As shown byFIG. 24, the computing device 2400 can comprise a processor 2402, amemory 2404, a storage device 2406, an I/O interface 2408, and acommunication interface 2410, which may be communicatively coupled byway of a communication infrastructure 2412. While an exemplary computingdevice 2400 is shown in FIG. 24, the components illustrated in FIG. 24are not intended to be limiting. Additional or alternative componentsmay be used in other embodiments. Furthermore, in certain embodiments,the computing device 2400 can include fewer components than those shownin FIG. 24. Components of the computing device 2400 shown in FIG. 24will now be described in additional detail.

In one or more embodiments, the processor 2402 includes hardware forexecuting instructions, such as those making up a computer program. Asan example and not by way of limitation, to execute instructions, theprocessor 2402 may retrieve (or fetch) the instructions from an internalregister, an internal cache, the memory 2404, or the storage device 2406and decode and execute them. In one or more embodiments, the processor2402 may include one or more internal caches for data, instructions, oraddresses. As an example and not by way of limitation, the processor2402 may include one or more instruction caches, one or more datacaches, and one or more translation lookaside buffers (TLBs).Instructions in the instruction caches may be copies of instructions inthe memory 2404 or the storage 2406.

The memory 2404 may be used for storing data, metadata, and programs forexecution by the processor(s). The memory 2404 may include one or moreof volatile and non-volatile memories, such as Random Access Memory(“RAM”), Read Only Memory (“ROM”), a solid state disk (“SSD”), Flash,Phase Change Memory (“PCM”), or other types of data storage. The memory2404 may be internal or distributed memory.

The storage device 2406 includes storage for storing data orinstructions. As an example and not by way of limitation, storage device2406 can comprise a non-transitory storage medium described above. Thestorage device 2406 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy diskdrive, flash memory, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, magnetictape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive or a combination of two ormore of these. The storage device 2406 may include removable ornon-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate. The storage device2406 may be internal or external to the computing device 2400. In one ormore embodiments, the storage device 2406 is non-volatile, solid-statememory. In other embodiments, the storage device 2406 includes read-onlymemory (ROM). Where appropriate, this ROM may be mask programmed ROM,programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasablePROM (EEPROM), electrically alterable ROM (EAROM), or flash memory or acombination of two or more of these.

The I/O interface 2408 allows a user to provide input to, receive outputfrom, and otherwise transfer data to and receive data from computingdevice 2400. The I/O interface 2408 may include a mouse, a keypad or akeyboard, a touch screen, a camera, an optical scanner, networkinterface, modem, other known I/O devices or a combination of such I/Ointerfaces. The I/O interface 2408 may include one or more devices forpresenting output to a user, including, but not limited to, a graphicsengine, a display (e.g., a display screen), one or more output drivers(e.g., display drivers), one or more audio speakers, and one or moreaudio drivers. In certain embodiments, the I/O interface 2408 isconfigured to provide graphical data to a display for presentation to auser. The graphical data may be representative of one or more graphicaluser interfaces and/or any other graphical content as may serve aparticular implementation.

The communication interface 2410 can include hardware, software, orboth. In any event, the communication interface 2410 can provide one ormore interfaces for communication (such as, for example, packet-basedcommunication) between the computing device 2400 and one or more othercomputing devices or networks. As an example and not by way oflimitation, the communication interface 2410 may include a networkinterface controller (NIC) or network adapter for communicating with anEthernet or other wire-based network or a wireless NIC (WNIC) orwireless adapter for communicating with a wireless network, such as aWI-FI.

Additionally or alternatively, the communication interface 2410 mayfacilitate communications with an ad hoc network, a personal areanetwork (PAN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), ametropolitan area network (MAN), or one or more portions of the Internetor a combination of two or more of these. One or more portions of one ormore of these networks may be wired or wireless. As an example, thecommunication interface 2410 may facilitate communications with awireless PAN (WPAN) (such as, for example, a BLUETOOTH WPAN), a WI-FInetwork, a WI-MAX network, a cellular telephone network (such as, forexample, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network), orother suitable wireless network or a combination thereof.

Additionally, the communication interface 2410 may facilitatecommunications various communication protocols. Examples ofcommunication protocols that may be used include, but are not limitedto, data transmission media, communications devices, TransmissionControl Protocol (“TCP”), Internet Protocol (“IP”), File TransferProtocol (“FTP”), Telnet, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (“HTTP”),Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (“HTTPS”), Session InitiationProtocol (“SIP”), Simple Object Access Protocol (“SOAP”), ExtensibleMark-up Language (“XML”) and variations thereof, Simple Mail TransferProtocol (“SMTP”), Real-Time Transport Protocol (“RTP”), User DatagramProtocol (“UDP”), Global System for Mobile Communications (“GSM”)technologies, Code Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”) technologies, TimeDivision Multiple Access (“TDMA”) technologies, Short Message Service(“SMS”), Multimedia Message Service (“MMS”), radio frequency (“RF”)signaling technologies, Long Term Evolution (“LTE”) technologies,wireless communication technologies, in-band and out-of-band signalingtechnologies, and other suitable communications networks andtechnologies.

The communication infrastructure 2412 may include hardware, software, orboth that couples components of the computing device 2400 to each other.As an example and not by way of limitation, the communicationinfrastructure 2412 may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) orother graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA)bus, a front-side bus (FSB), a HYPERTRANSPORT (HT) interconnect, anIndustry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an INFINIBAND interconnect, alow-pin-count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture(MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express(PCIe) bus, a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, a VideoElectronics Standards Association local (VLB) bus, or another suitablebus or a combination thereof.

As mentioned above, the communication system 100 can comprise a socialnetworking system. A social networking system may enable its users (suchas persons or organizations) to interact with the system and with eachother. The social networking system may, with input from a user, createand store in the social networking system a user profile associated withthe user. The user profile may include demographic information,communication-channel information, and information on personal interestsof the user. The social networking system may also, with input from auser, create and store a record of relationships of the user with otherusers of the social networking system, as well as provide services (e.g.wall posts, photo-sharing, on-line calendars and event organization,messaging, games, or advertisements) to facilitate social interactionbetween or among users. Also, the social networking system may allowusers to post photographs and other multimedia content items to a user'sprofile page (typically known as “wall posts” or “timeline posts”) or ina photo album, both of which may be accessible to other users of thesocial networking system depending upon the user's configured privacysettings.

FIG. 25 illustrates an example network environment 2500 of a socialnetworking system. Network environment 2500 includes a client system2506, a social networking system 2502, and a third-party system 2508connected to each other by a network 2504. Although FIG. 25 illustratesa particular arrangement of client system 2506, social networking system2502, third-party system 2508, and network 2504, this disclosurecontemplates any suitable arrangement of client system 2506, socialnetworking system 2502, third-party system 2508, and network 2504. As anexample and not by way of limitation, two or more of client system 2506,social networking system 2502, and third-party system 2508 may beconnected to each other directly, bypassing network 2504. As anotherexample, two or more of client system 2506, social networking system2502, and third-party system 2508 may be physically or logicallyco-located with each other in whole, or in part. Moreover, although FIG.25 illustrates a particular number of client systems 2506, socialnetworking systems 2502, third-party systems 2508, and networks 2504,this disclosure contemplates any suitable number of client systems 2506,social networking systems 2502, third-party systems 2508, and networks2504. As an example and not by way of limitation, network environment2500 may include multiple client system 2506, social networking systems2502, third-party systems 2508, and networks 2504.

This disclosure contemplates any suitable network 2504. As an exampleand not by way of limitation, one or more portions of network 2504 mayinclude an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a virtual privatenetwork (VPN), a local area network (LAN), a wireless LAN (WLAN), a widearea network (WAN), a wireless WAN (WWAN), a metropolitan area network(MAN), a portion of the Internet, a portion of the Public SwitchedTelephone Network (PSTN), a cellular telephone network, or a combinationof two or more of these. Network 2504 may include one or more networks2504.

Links may connect client system 2506, social networking system 2502, andthird-party system 2508 to communication network 2504 or to each other.This disclosure contemplates any suitable links. In particularembodiments, one or more links include one or more wireline (such as forexample Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or Data Over Cable ServiceInterface Specification (DOCSIS)), wireless (such as for example Wi-Fior Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), or optical(such as for example Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or SynchronousDigital Hierarchy (SDH)) links. In particular embodiments, one or morelinks each include an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a VPN, aLAN, a WLAN, a WAN, a WWAN, a MAN, a portion of the Internet, a portionof the PSTN, a cellular technology-based network, a satellitecommunications technology-based network, another link, or a combinationof two or more such links. Links need not necessarily be the samethroughout network environment 2500. One or more first links may differin one or more respects from one or more second links.

In particular embodiments, client system 2506 may be an electronicdevice including hardware, software, or embedded logic components or acombination of two or more such components and capable of carrying outthe appropriate functionalities implemented or supported by clientsystem 2506. As an example and not by way of limitation, a client system2506 may include any of the client devices or systems described in theabove figures. A client system 2506 may enable a network user at clientsystem 2506 to access network 2504. A client system 2506 may enable itsuser to communicate with other users at other client systems 2506.

In particular embodiments, client system 2506 may include a web browser,such as MICROSOFT INTERNET EXPLORER, GOOGLE CHROME, or MOZILLA FIREFOX,and may have one or more add-ons, plug-ins, or other extensions, such asTOOLBAR or YAHOO TOOLBAR. A user at client system 2506 may enter aUniform Resource Locator (URL) or other address directing the webbrowser to a particular server (such as server, or a server associatedwith a third-party system 2508), and the web browser may generate aHyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) request and communicate the HTTPrequest to server. The server may accept the HTTP request andcommunicate to client system 2506 one or more Hyper Text Markup Language(HTML) files responsive to the HTTP request. Client system 2506 mayrender a webpage based on the HTML files from the server forpresentation to the user. This disclosure contemplates any suitablewebpage files. As an example and not by way of limitation, webpages mayrender from HTML files, Extensible Hyper Text Markup Language (XHTML)files, or Extensible Markup Language (XML) files, according toparticular needs. Such pages may also execute scripts such as, forexample and without limitation, those written in JAVASCRIPT, JAVA,MICROSOFT SILVERLIGHT, combinations of markup language and scripts suchas AJAX (Asynchronous JAVASCRIPT and XML), and the like. Herein,reference to a webpage encompasses one or more corresponding webpagefiles (which a browser may use to render the webpage) and vice versa,where appropriate.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may be anetwork-addressable computing system that can host an online socialnetwork. Social networking system 2502 may generate, store, receive, andsend social-networking data, such as, for example, user-profile data,concept-profile data, social-graph information, or other suitable datarelated to the online social network. Social networking system 2502 maybe accessed by the other components of network environment 2500 eitherdirectly or via network 2504. In particular embodiments, socialnetworking system 2502 may include one or more servers. Each server maybe a unitary server or a distributed server spanning multiple computersor multiple datacenters. Servers may be of various types, such as, forexample and without limitation, web server, news server, mail server,message server, advertising server, file server, application server,exchange server, database server, proxy server, another server suitablefor performing functions or processes described herein, or anycombination thereof. In particular embodiments, each server may includehardware, software, or embedded logic components or a combination of twoor more such components for carrying out the appropriate functionalitiesimplemented or supported by server. In particular embodiments, socialnetworking system 2502 may include one or more data stores. Data storesmay be used to store various types of information. In particularembodiments, the information stored in data stores may be organizedaccording to specific data structures. In particular embodiments, eachdata store may be a relational, columnar, correlation, or other suitabledatabase. Although this disclosure describes or illustrates particulartypes of databases, this disclosure contemplates any suitable types ofdatabases. Particular embodiments may provide interfaces that enable aclient system 2506, a social networking system 2502, or a third-partysystem 2508 to manage, retrieve, modify, add, or delete, the informationstored in data store.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may store oneor more social graphs in one or more data stores. In particularembodiments, a social graph may include multiple nodes—which may includemultiple user nodes (each corresponding to a particular user) ormultiple concept nodes (each corresponding to a particular concept)—andmultiple edges connecting the nodes. Social networking system 2502 mayprovide users of the online social network the ability to communicateand interact with other users. In particular embodiments, users may jointhe online social network via social networking system 2502 and then addconnections (e.g., relationships) to a number of other users of socialnetworking system 2502 whom they want to be connected to. Herein, theterm “friend” may refer to any other user of social networking system2502 with which a user has formed a connection, association, orrelationship via social networking system 2502.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may provideusers with the ability to take actions on various types of items orobjects, supported by social networking system 2502. As an example andnot by way of limitation, the items and objects may include groups orsocial networks to which users of social networking system 2502 maybelong, events or calendar entries in which a user might be interested,computer-based applications that a user may use, transactions that allowusers to buy or sell items via the service, interactions withadvertisements that a user may perform, or other suitable items orobjects. A user may interact with anything that is capable of beingrepresented in social networking system 2502 or by an external system ofthird-party system 2508, which is separate from social networking system2502 and coupled to social networking system 2502 via a network 2504.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may be capableof linking a variety of entities. As an example and not by way oflimitation, social networking system 2502 may enable users to interactwith each other as well as receive content from third-party systems 2508or other entities, or to allow users to interact with these entitiesthrough an application programming interfaces (API) or othercommunication channels.

In particular embodiments, a third-party system 2508 may include one ormore types of servers, one or more data stores, one or more interfaces,including but not limited to APIs, one or more web services, one or morecontent sources, one or more networks, or any other suitable components,e.g., that servers may communicate with. A third-party system 2508 maybe operated by a different entity from an entity operating socialnetworking system 2502. In particular embodiments, however, socialnetworking system 2502 and third-party systems 2508 may operate inconjunction with each other to provide social-networking services tousers of social networking system 2502 or third-party systems 2508. Inthis sense, social networking system 2502 may provide a platform, orbackbone, which other systems, such as third-party systems 2508, may useto provide social-networking services and functionality to users acrossthe Internet.

In particular embodiments, a third-party system 2508 may include athird-party content object provider. A third-party content objectprovider may include one or more sources of content objects, which maybe communicated to a client system 2506. As an example and not by way oflimitation, content objects may include information regarding things oractivities of interest to the user, such as, for example, movie showtimes, movie reviews, restaurant reviews, restaurant menus, productinformation and reviews, or other suitable information. As anotherexample and not by way of limitation, content objects may includeincentive content objects, such as coupons, discount tickets, giftcertificates, or other suitable incentive objects.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 also includesuser-generated content objects, which may enhance a user's interactionswith social networking system 2502. User-generated content may includeanything a user can add, upload, send, or “post” to social networkingsystem 2502. As an example and not by way of limitation, a usercommunicates posts to social networking system 2502 from a client system2506. Posts may include data such as status updates or other textualdata, location information, photos, videos, links, music or othersimilar data or media. Content may also be added to social networkingsystem 2502 by a third-party through a “communication channel,” such asa newsfeed or stream.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may include avariety of servers, sub-systems, programs, modules, logs, and datastores. In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 mayinclude one or more of the following: a web server, action logger,API-request server, relevance-and-ranking engine, content-objectclassifier, notification controller, action log,third-party-content-object-exposure log, inference module,authorization/privacy server, search module, advertisement-targetingmodule, user-interface module, user-profile store, connection store,third-party content store, or location store. Social networking system2502 may also include suitable components such as network interfaces,security mechanisms, load balancers, failover servers,management-and-network-operations consoles, other suitable components,or any suitable combination thereof. In particular embodiments, socialnetworking system 2502 may include one or more user-profile stores forstoring user profiles. A user profile may include, for example,biographic information, demographic information, behavioral information,social information, or other types of descriptive information, such aswork experience, educational history, hobbies or preferences, interests,affinities, or location. Interest information may include interestsrelated to one or more categories. Categories may be general orspecific. As an example and not by way of limitation, if a user “likes”an article about a brand of shoes the category may be the brand, or thegeneral category of “shoes” or “clothing.” A connection store may beused for storing connection information about users. The connectioninformation may indicate users who have similar or common workexperience, group memberships, hobbies, educational history, or are inany way related or share common attributes. The connection informationmay also include user-defined connections between different users andcontent (both internal and external). A web server may be used forlinking social networking system 2502 to one or more client systems 2506or one or more third-party system 2508 via network 2504. The web servermay include a mail server or other messaging functionality for receivingand routing messages between social networking system 2502 and one ormore client systems 2506. An API-request server may allow a third-partysystem 2508 to access information from social networking system 2502 bycalling one or more APIs. An action logger may be used to receivecommunications from a web server about a user's actions on or off socialnetworking system 2502. In conjunction with the action log, athird-party-content-object log may be maintained of user exposures tothird-party-content objects. A notification controller may provideinformation regarding content objects to a client system 2506.Information may be pushed to a client system 2506 as notifications, orinformation may be pulled from client system 2506 responsive to arequest received from client system 2506. Authorization servers may beused to enforce one or more privacy settings of the users of socialnetworking system 2502. A privacy setting of a user determines howparticular information associated with a user can be shared. Theauthorization server may allow users to opt in to or opt out of havingtheir actions logged by social networking system 2502 or shared withother systems (e.g., third-party system 2508), such as, for example, bysetting appropriate privacy settings. Third-party-content-object storesmay be used to store content objects received from third parties, suchas a third-party system 2508. Location stores may be used for storinglocation information received from client systems 2506 associated withusers. Advertisement-pricing modules may combine social information, thecurrent time, location information, or other suitable information toprovide relevant advertisements, in the form of notifications, to auser.

FIG. 26 illustrates example social graph 2600. In particularembodiments, social networking system 2502 may store one or more socialgraphs 2600 in one or more data stores. In particular embodiments,social graph 2600 may include multiple nodes—which may include multipleuser nodes 2602 or multiple concept nodes 2604—and multiple edges 2606connecting the nodes. Example social graph 2600 illustrated in FIG. 26is shown, for didactic purposes, in a two-dimensional visual maprepresentation. In particular embodiments, a social networking system2502, client system 2506, or third-party system 2508 may access socialgraph 2600 and related social-graph information for suitableapplications. The nodes and edges of social graph 2600 may be stored asdata objects, for example, in a data store (such as a social-graphdatabase). Such a data store may include one or more searchable or queryable indexes of nodes or edges of social graph 2600.

In particular embodiments, a user node 2602 may correspond to a user ofsocial networking system 2502. As an example and not by way oflimitation, a user may be an individual (human user), an entity (e.g.,an enterprise, business, or third-party application), or a group (e.g.,of individuals or entities) that interacts or communicates with or oversocial networking system 2502. In particular embodiments, when a userregisters for an account with social networking system 2502, socialnetworking system 2502 may create a user node 2602 corresponding to theuser, and store the user node 2602 in one or more data stores. Users anduser nodes 2602 described herein may, where appropriate, refer toregistered users and user nodes 2602 associated with registered users.In addition or as an alternative, users and user nodes 2602 describedherein may, where appropriate, refer to users that have not registeredwith social networking system 2502. In particular embodiments, a usernode 2602 may be associated with information provided by a user orinformation gathered by various systems, including social networkingsystem 2502. As an example and not by way of limitation, a user mayprovide his or her name, profile picture, contact information, birthdate, sex, marital status, family status, employment, educationbackground, preferences, interests, or other demographic information.Each user node of the social graph may have a corresponding web page(typically known as a profile page). In response to a request includinga user name, the social networking system can access a user nodecorresponding to the user name, and construct a profile page includingthe name, a profile picture, and other information associated with theuser. A profile page of a first user may display to a second user all ora portion of the first user's information based on one or more privacysettings by the first user and the relationship between the first userand the second user.

In particular embodiments, a concept node 2604 may correspond to aconcept. As an example and not by way of limitation, a concept maycorrespond to a place (such as, for example, a movie theater,restaurant, landmark, or city); a website (such as, for example, awebsite associated with social-network system 2502 or a third-partywebsite associated with a web-application server); an entity (such as,for example, a person, business, group, sports team, or celebrity); aresource (such as, for example, an audio file, video file, digitalphoto, text file, structured document, or application) which may belocated within social networking system 2502 or on an external server,such as a web-application server; real or intellectual property (suchas, for example, a sculpture, painting, movie, game, song, idea,photograph, or written work); a game; an activity; an idea or theory;another suitable concept; or two or more such concepts. A concept node2604 may be associated with information of a concept provided by a useror information gathered by various systems, including social networkingsystem 2502. As an example and not by way of limitation, information ofa concept may include a name or a title; one or more images (e.g., animage of the cover page of a book); a location (e.g., an address or ageographical location); a website (which may be associated with a URL);contact information (e.g., a phone number or an email address); othersuitable concept information; or any suitable combination of suchinformation. In particular embodiments, a concept node 2604 may beassociated with one or more data objects corresponding to informationassociated with concept node 2604. In particular embodiments, a conceptnode 2604 may correspond to one or more webpages.

In particular embodiments, a node in social graph 2600 may represent orbe represented by a webpage (which may be referred to as a “profilepage”). Profile pages may be hosted by or accessible to socialnetworking system 2502. Profile pages may also be hosted on third-partywebsites associated with a third-party server 2508. As an example andnot by way of limitation, a profile page corresponding to a particularexternal webpage may be the particular external webpage and the profilepage may correspond to a particular concept node 2604. Profile pages maybe viewable by all or a selected subset of other users. As an exampleand not by way of limitation, a user node 2602 may have a correspondinguser-profile page in which the corresponding user may add content, makedeclarations, or otherwise express himself or herself. As anotherexample and not by way of limitation, a concept node 2604 may have acorresponding concept-profile page in which one or more users may addcontent, make declarations, or express themselves, particularly inrelation to the concept corresponding to concept node 2604.

In particular embodiments, a concept node 2604 may represent athird-party webpage or resource hosted by a third-party system 2508. Thethird-party webpage or resource may include, among other elements,content, a selectable or other icon, or other inter-actable object(which may be implemented, for example, in JavaScript, AJAX, or PHPcodes) representing an action or activity. As an example and not by wayof limitation, a third-party webpage may include a selectable icon suchas “like,” “check in,” “eat,” “recommend,” or another suitable action oractivity. A user viewing the third-party webpage may perform an actionby selecting one of the icons (e.g., “eat”), causing a client system2506 to send to social networking system 2502 a message indicating theuser's action. In response to the message, social networking system 2502may create an edge (e.g., an “eat” edge) between a user node 2602corresponding to the user and a concept node 2604 corresponding to thethird-party webpage or resource and store edge 2606 in one or more datastores.

In particular embodiments, a pair of nodes in social graph 2600 may beconnected to each other by one or more edges 2606. An edge 2606connecting a pair of nodes may represent a relationship between the pairof nodes. In particular embodiments, an edge 2606 may include orrepresent one or more data objects or attributes corresponding to therelationship between a pair of nodes. As an example and not by way oflimitation, a first user may indicate that a second user is a “friend”of the first user. In response to this indication, social networkingsystem 2502 may send a “friend request” to the second user. If thesecond user confirms the “friend request,” social networking system 2502may create an edge 2606 connecting the first user's user node 2602 tothe second user's user node 2602 in social graph 2600 and store edge2606 as social-graph information in one or more of data stores. In theexample of FIG. 26, social graph 2600 includes an edge 2606 indicating afriend relation between user nodes 2602 of user “A” and user “B” and anedge indicating a friend relation between user nodes 2602 of user “C”and user “B.” Although this disclosure describes or illustratesparticular edges 2606 with particular attributes connecting particularuser nodes 2602, this disclosure contemplates any suitable edges 2606with any suitable attributes connecting user nodes 2602. As an exampleand not by way of limitation, an edge 2606 may represent a friendship,family relationship, business or employment relationship, fanrelationship, follower relationship, visitor relationship, subscriberrelationship, superior/subordinate relationship, reciprocalrelationship, non-reciprocal relationship, another suitable type ofrelationship, or two or more such relationships. Moreover, although thisdisclosure generally describes nodes as being connected, this disclosurealso describes users or concepts as being connected. Herein, referencesto users or concepts being connected may, where appropriate, refer tothe nodes corresponding to those users or concepts being connected insocial graph 2600 by one or more edges 2606.

In particular embodiments, an edge 2606 between a user node 2602 and aconcept node 2604 may represent a particular action or activityperformed by a user associated with user node 2602 toward a conceptassociated with a concept node 2604. As an example and not by way oflimitation, as illustrated in FIG. 26, a user may “like,” “attended,”“played,” “listened,” “cooked,” “worked at,” or “watched” a concept,each of which may correspond to a edge type or subtype. Aconcept-profile page corresponding to a concept node 2604 may include,for example, a selectable “check in” icon (such as, for example, aclickable “check in” icon) or a selectable “add to favorites” icon.Similarly, after a user clicks these icons, social networking system2502 may create a “favorite” edge or a “check in” edge in response to auser's action corresponding to a respective action. As another exampleand not by way of limitation, a user (user “C”) may listen to aparticular song (“Ramble On”) using a particular application (SPOTIFY,which is an online music application). In this case, social networkingsystem 2502 may create a “listened” edge 2606 and a “used” edge (asillustrated in FIG. 26) between user nodes 2602 corresponding to theuser and concept nodes 2604 corresponding to the song and application toindicate that the user listened to the song and used the application.Moreover, social networking system 2502 may create a “played” edge 2606(as illustrated in FIG. 26) between concept nodes 2604 corresponding tothe song and the application to indicate that the particular song wasplayed by the particular application. In this case, “played” edge 2606corresponds to an action performed by an external application (SPOTIFY)on an external audio file (the song “Imagine”). Although this disclosuredescribes particular edges 2606 with particular attributes connectinguser nodes 2602 and concept nodes 2604, this disclosure contemplates anysuitable edges 2606 with any suitable attributes connecting user nodes2602 and concept nodes 2604. Moreover, although this disclosuredescribes edges between a user node 2602 and a concept node 2604representing a single relationship, this disclosure contemplates edgesbetween a user node 2602 and a concept node 2604 representing one ormore relationships. As an example and not by way of limitation, an edge2606 may represent both that a user likes and has used at a particularconcept. Alternatively, another edge 2606 may represent each type ofrelationship (or multiples of a single relationship) between a user node2602 and a concept node 2604 (as illustrated in FIG. 26 between usernode 2602 for user “E” and concept node 2604 for “SPOTIFY”).

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may create anedge 2606 between a user node 2602 and a concept node 2604 in socialgraph 2600. As an example and not by way of limitation, a user viewing aconcept-profile page (such as, for example, by using a web browser or aspecial-purpose application hosted by the user's client system 2506) mayindicate that he or she likes the concept represented by the conceptnode 2604 by clicking or selecting a “Like” icon, which may cause theuser's client system 2506 to send to social networking system 2502 amessage indicating the user's liking of the concept associated with theconcept-profile page. In response to the message, social networkingsystem 2502 may create an edge 2606 between user node 2602 associatedwith the user and concept node 2604, as illustrated by “like” edge 2606between the user and concept node 2604. In particular embodiments,social networking system 2502 may store an edge 2606 in one or more datastores. In particular embodiments, an edge 2606 may be automaticallyformed by social networking system 2502 in response to a particular useraction. As an example and not by way of limitation, if a first useruploads a picture, watches a movie, or listens to a song, an edge 2606may be formed between user node 2602 corresponding to the first user andconcept nodes 2604 corresponding to those concepts. Although thisdisclosure describes forming particular edges 2606 in particularmanners, this disclosure contemplates forming any suitable edges 2606 inany suitable manner.

In particular embodiments, an advertisement may be text (which may beHTML-linked), one or more images (which may be HTML-linked), one or morevideos, audio, one or more ADOBE FLASH files, a suitable combination ofthese, or any other suitable advertisement in any suitable digitalformat presented on one or more webpages, in one or more e-mails, or inconnection with search results requested by a user. In addition or as analternative, an advertisement may be one or more sponsored stories(e.g., a news-feed or ticker item on social networking system 2502). Asponsored story may be a social action by a user (such as “liking” apage, “liking” or commenting on a post on a page, RSVPing to an eventassociated with a page, voting on a question posted on a page, checkingin to a place, using an application or playing a game, or “liking” orsharing a website) that an advertiser promotes, for example, by havingthe social action presented within a pre-determined area of a profilepage of a user or other page, presented with additional informationassociated with the advertiser, bumped up or otherwise highlightedwithin news feeds or tickers of other users, or otherwise promoted. Theadvertiser may pay to have the social action promoted. As an example andnot by way of limitation, advertisements may be included among thesearch results of a search-results page, where sponsored content ispromoted over non-sponsored content.

In particular embodiments, an advertisement may be requested for displaywithin social-networking-system webpages, third-party webpages, or otherpages. An advertisement may be displayed in a dedicated portion of apage, such as in a banner area at the top of the page, in a column atthe side of the page, in a GUI of the page, in a pop-up window, in adrop-down menu, in an input field of the page, over the top of contentof the page, or elsewhere with respect to the page. In addition or as analternative, an advertisement may be displayed within an application. Anadvertisement may be displayed within dedicated pages, requiring theuser to interact with or watch the advertisement before the user mayaccess a page or utilize an application. The user may, for example viewthe advertisement through a web browser.

A user may interact with an advertisement in any suitable manner. Theuser may click or otherwise select the advertisement. By selecting theadvertisement, the user may be directed to (or a browser or otherapplication being used by the user) a page associated with theadvertisement. At the page associated with the advertisement, the usermay take additional actions, such as purchasing a product or serviceassociated with the advertisement, receiving information associated withthe advertisement, or subscribing to a newsletter associated with theadvertisement. An advertisement with audio or video may be played byselecting a component of the advertisement (like a “play button”).Alternatively, by selecting the advertisement, social networking system2502 may execute or modify a particular action of the user.

An advertisement may also include social-networking-system functionalitythat a user may interact with. As an example and not by way oflimitation, an advertisement may enable a user to “like” or otherwiseendorse the advertisement by selecting an icon or link associated withendorsement. As another example and not by way of limitation, anadvertisement may enable a user to search (e.g., by executing a query)for content related to the advertiser. Similarly, a user may share theadvertisement with another user (e.g., through social networking system2502) or RSVP (e.g., through social networking system 2502) to an eventassociated with the advertisement. In addition or as an alternative, anadvertisement may include social-networking-system context directed tothe user. As an example and not by way of limitation, an advertisementmay display information about a friend of the user within socialnetworking system 2502 who has taken an action associated with thesubject matter of the advertisement.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may determinethe social-graph affinity (which may be referred to herein as“affinity”) of various social-graph entities for each other. Affinitymay represent the strength of a relationship or level of interestbetween particular objects associated with the online social network,such as users, concepts, content, actions, advertisements, other objectsassociated with the online social network, or any suitable combinationthereof. Affinity may also be determined with respect to objectsassociated with third-party systems 2508 or other suitable systems. Anoverall affinity for a social-graph entity for each user, subjectmatter, or type of content may be established. The overall affinity maychange based on continued monitoring of the actions or relationshipsassociated with the social-graph entity. Although this disclosuredescribes determining particular affinities in a particular manner, thisdisclosure contemplates determining any suitable affinities in anysuitable manner.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may measure orquantify social-graph affinity using an affinity coefficient (which maybe referred to herein as “coefficient”). The coefficient may representor quantify the strength of a relationship between particular objectsassociated with the online social network. The coefficient may alsorepresent a probability or function that measures a predictedprobability that a user will perform a particular action based on theuser's interest in the action. In this way, a user's future actions maybe predicted based on the user's prior actions, where the coefficientmay be calculated at least in part a the history of the user's actions.Coefficients may be used to predict any number of actions, which may bewithin or outside of the online social network. As an example and not byway of limitation, these actions may include various types ofcommunications, such as sending messages, posting content, or commentingon content; various types of a observation actions, such as accessing orviewing profile pages, media, or other suitable content; various typesof coincidence information about two or more social-graph entities, suchas being in the same group, tagged in the same photograph, checked-in atthe same location, or attending the same event; or other suitableactions. Although this disclosure describes measuring affinity in aparticular manner, this disclosure contemplates measuring affinity inany suitable manner.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may use avariety of factors to calculate a coefficient. These factors mayinclude, for example, user actions, types of relationships betweenobjects, location information, other suitable factors, or anycombination thereof. In particular embodiments, different factors may beweighted differently when calculating the coefficient. The weights foreach factor may be static or the weights may change according to, forexample, the user, the type of relationship, the type of action, theuser's location, and so forth. Ratings for the factors may be combinedaccording to their weights to determine an overall coefficient for theuser. As an example and not by way of limitation, particular useractions may be assigned both a rating and a weight while a relationshipassociated with the particular user action is assigned a rating and acorrelating weight (e.g., so the weights total 260%). To calculate thecoefficient of a user towards a particular object, the rating assignedto the user's actions may comprise, for example, 60% of the overallcoefficient, while the relationship between the user and the object maycomprise 40% of the overall coefficient. In particular embodiments, thesocial networking system 2502 may consider a variety of variables whendetermining weights for various factors used to calculate a coefficient,such as, for example, the time since information was accessed, decayfactors, frequency of access, relationship to information orrelationship to the object about which information was accessed,relationship to social-graph entities connected to the object, short- orlong-term averages of user actions, user feedback, other suitablevariables, or any combination thereof. As an example and not by way oflimitation, a coefficient may include a decay factor that causes thestrength of the signal provided by particular actions to decay withtime, such that more recent actions are more relevant when calculatingthe coefficient. The ratings and weights may be continuously updatedbased on continued tracking of the actions upon which the coefficient isbased. Any type of process or algorithm may be employed for assigning,combining, averaging, and so forth the ratings for each factor and theweights assigned to the factors. In particular embodiments, socialnetworking system 2502 may determine coefficients using machine-learningalgorithms trained on historical actions and past user responses, ordata farmed from users by exposing them to various options and measuringresponses. Although this disclosure describes calculating coefficientsin a particular manner, this disclosure contemplates calculatingcoefficients in any suitable manner.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may calculate acoefficient based on a user's actions. Social networking system 2502 maymonitor such actions on the online social network, on a third-partysystem 2508, on other suitable systems, or any combination thereof. Anysuitable type of user actions may be tracked or monitored. Typical useractions include viewing profile pages, creating or posting content,interacting with content, joining groups, listing and confirmingattendance at events, checking-in at locations, liking particular pages,creating pages, and performing other tasks that facilitate socialaction. In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 maycalculate a coefficient based on the user's actions with particulartypes of content. The content may be associated with the online socialnetwork, a third-party system 2508, or another suitable system. Thecontent may include users, profile pages, posts, news stories,headlines, instant messages, chat room conversations, emails,advertisements, pictures, video, music, other suitable objects, or anycombination thereof. Social networking system 2502 may analyze a user'sactions to determine whether one or more of the actions indicate anaffinity for subject matter, content, other users, and so forth. As anexample and not by way of limitation, if a user may make frequentlyposts content related to “coffee” or variants thereof, social networkingsystem 2502 may determine the user has a high coefficient with respectto the concept “coffee.” Particular actions or types of actions may beassigned a higher weight and/or rating than other actions, which mayaffect the overall calculated coefficient. As an example and not by wayof limitation, if a first user emails a second user, the weight or therating for the action may be higher than if the first user simply viewsthe user-profile page for the second user.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may calculate acoefficient based on the type of relationship between particularobjects. Referencing the social graph 2600, social networking system2502 may analyze the number and/or type of edges 2606 connectingparticular user nodes 2602 and concept nodes 2604 when calculating acoefficient. As an example and not by way of limitation, user nodes 2602that are connected by a spouse-type edge (representing that the twousers are married) may be assigned a higher coefficient than user nodes2602 that are connected by a friend-type edge. In other words, dependingupon the weights assigned to the actions and relationships for theparticular user, the overall affinity may be determined to be higher forcontent about the user's spouse than for content about the user'sfriend. In particular embodiments, the relationships a user has withanother object may affect the weights and/or the ratings of the user'sactions with respect to calculating the coefficient for that object. Asan example and not by way of limitation, if a user is tagged in firstphoto, but merely likes a second photo, social networking system 2502may determine that the user has a higher coefficient with respect to thefirst photo than the second photo because having a tagged-in-typerelationship with content may be assigned a higher weight and/or ratingthan having a like-type relationship with content. In particularembodiments, social networking system 2502 may calculate a coefficientfor a first user based on the relationship one or more second users havewith a particular object. In other words, the connections andcoefficients other users have with an object may affect the first user'scoefficient for the object. As an example and not by way of limitation,if a first user is connected to or has a high coefficient for one ormore second users, and those second users are connected to or have ahigh coefficient for a particular object, social networking system 2502may determine that the first user should also have a relatively highcoefficient for the particular object. In particular embodiments, thecoefficient may be based on the degree of separation between particularobjects. Degree of separation between any two nodes is defined as theminimum number of hops required to traverse the social graph from onenode to the other. A degree of separation between two nodes can beconsidered a measure of relatedness between the users or the conceptsrepresented by the two nodes in the social graph. For example, two usershaving user nodes that are directly connected by an edge (i.e., arefirst-degree nodes) may be described as “connected users” or “friends.”Similarly, two users having user nodes that are connected only throughanother user node (i.e., are second-degree nodes) may be described as“friends of friends.” The lower coefficient may represent the decreasinglikelihood that the first user will share an interest in content objectsof the user that is indirectly connected to the first user in the socialgraph 2600. As an example and not by way of limitation, social-graphentities that are closer in the social graph 2600 (i.e., fewer degreesof separation) may have a higher coefficient than entities that arefurther apart in the social graph 2600.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may calculate acoefficient based on location information. Objects that aregeographically closer to each other may be considered to be morerelated, or of more interest, to each other than more distant objects.In particular embodiments, the coefficient of a user towards aparticular object may be based on the proximity of the object's locationto a current location associated with the user (or the location of aclient system 2506 of the user). A first user may be more interested inother users or concepts that are closer to the first user. As an exampleand not by way of limitation, if a user is one mile from an airport andtwo miles from a gas station, social networking system 2502 maydetermine that the user has a higher coefficient for the airport thanthe gas station based on the proximity of the airport to the user.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may performparticular actions with respect to a user based on coefficientinformation. Coefficients may be used to predict whether a user willperform a particular action based on the user's interest in the action.A coefficient may be used when generating or presenting any type ofobjects to a user, such as advertisements, search results, news stories,media, messages, notifications, or other suitable objects. Thecoefficient may also be utilized to rank and order such objects, asappropriate. In this way, social networking system 2502 may provideinformation that is relevant to user's interests and currentcircumstances, increasing the likelihood that they will find suchinformation of interest. In particular embodiments, social networkingsystem 2502 may generate content based on coefficient information.Content objects may be provided or selected based on coefficientsspecific to a user. As an example and not by way of limitation, thecoefficient may be used to generate media for the user, where the usermay be presented with media for which the user has a high overallcoefficient with respect to the media object. As another example and notby way of limitation, the coefficient may be used to generateadvertisements for the user, where the user may be presented withadvertisements for which the user has a high overall coefficient withrespect to the advertised object. In particular embodiments, socialnetworking system 2502 may generate search results based on coefficientinformation. Search results for a particular user may be scored orranked based on the coefficient associated with the search results withrespect to the querying user. As an example and not by way oflimitation, search results corresponding to objects with highercoefficients may be ranked higher on a search-results page than resultscorresponding to objects having lower coefficients.

In particular embodiments, social networking system 2502 may calculate acoefficient in response to a request for a coefficient from a particularsystem or process. To predict the likely actions a user may take (or maybe the subject of) in a given situation, any process may request acalculated coefficient for a user. The request may also include a set ofweights to use for various factors used to calculate the coefficient.This request may come from a process running on the online socialnetwork, from a third-party system 2508 (e.g., via an API or othercommunication channel), or from another suitable system. In response tothe request, social networking system 2502 may calculate the coefficient(or access the coefficient information if it has previously beencalculated and stored). In particular embodiments, social networkingsystem 2502 may measure an affinity with respect to a particularprocess. Different processes (both internal and external to the onlinesocial network) may request a coefficient for a particular object or setof objects. Social networking system 2502 may provide a measure ofaffinity that is relevant to the particular process that requested themeasure of affinity. In this way, each process receives a measure ofaffinity that is tailored for the different context in which the processwill use the measure of affinity.

In connection with social-graph affinity and affinity coefficients,particular embodiments may utilize one or more systems, components,elements, functions, methods, operations, or steps disclosed in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/503,093, filed Aug. 8, 2006, U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/977,027, filed Dec. 22, 2010, U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/978,265, filed Dec. 24, 2010, and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/632,869, field Oct. 1, 2012, each of which isincorporated by reference in their entirety.

In particular embodiments, one or more of the content objects of theonline social network may be associated with a privacy setting. Theprivacy settings (or “access settings”) for an object may be stored inany suitable manner, such as, for example, in association with theobject, in an index on an authorization server, in another suitablemanner, or any combination thereof. A privacy setting of an object mayspecify how the object (or particular information associated with anobject) can be accessed (e.g., viewed or shared) using the online socialnetwork. Where the privacy settings for an object allow a particularuser to access that object, the object may be described as being“visible” with respect to that user. As an example and not by way oflimitation, a user of the online social network may specify privacysettings for a user-profile page identify a set of users that may accessthe work experience information on the user-profile page, thus excludingother users from accessing the information. In particular embodiments,the privacy settings may specify a “blocked list” of users that shouldnot be allowed to access certain information associated with the object.In other words, the blocked list may specify one or more users orentities for which an object is not visible. As an example and not byway of limitation, a user may specify a set of users that may not accessphotos albums associated with the user, thus excluding those users fromaccessing the photo albums (while also possibly allowing certain usersnot within the set of users to access the photo albums). In particularembodiments, privacy settings may be associated with particularsocial-graph elements. Privacy settings of a social-graph element, suchas a node or an edge, may specify how the social-graph element,information associated with the social-graph element, or content objectsassociated with the social-graph element can be accessed using theonline social network. As an example and not by way of limitation, aparticular concept node 2604 corresponding to a particular photo mayhave a privacy setting specifying that the photo may only be accessed byusers tagged in the photo and their friends. In particular embodiments,privacy settings may allow users to opt in or opt out of having theiractions logged by social networking system 2502 or shared with othersystems (e.g., third-party system 2508). In particular embodiments, theprivacy settings associated with an object may specify any suitablegranularity of permitted access or denial of access. As an example andnot by way of limitation, access or denial of access may be specifiedfor particular users (e.g., only me, my roommates, and my boss), userswithin a particular degrees-of-separation (e.g., friends, orfriends-of-friends), user groups (e.g., the gaming club, my family),user networks (e.g., employees of particular employers, students oralumni of particular university), all users (“public”), no users(“private”), users of third-party systems 2508, particular applications(e.g., third-party applications, external websites), other suitableusers or entities, or any combination thereof. Although this disclosuredescribes using particular privacy settings in a particular manner, thisdisclosure contemplates using any suitable privacy settings in anysuitable manner.

In particular embodiments, one or more servers may beauthorization/privacy servers for enforcing privacy settings. Inresponse to a request from a user (or other entity) for a particularobject stored in a data store, social networking system 2502 may send arequest to the data store for the object. The request may identify theuser associated with the request and may only be sent to the user (or aclient system 2506 of the user) if the authorization server determinesthat the user is authorized to access the object based on the privacysettings associated with the object. If the requesting user is notauthorized to access the object, the authorization server may preventthe requested object from being retrieved from the data store, or mayprevent the requested object from be sent to the user. In the searchquery context, an object may only be generated as a search result if thequerying user is authorized to access the object. In other words, theobject must have a visibility that is visible to the querying user. Ifthe object has a visibility that is not visible to the user, the objectmay be excluded from the search results. Although this disclosuredescribes enforcing privacy settings in a particular manner, thisdisclosure contemplates enforcing privacy settings in any suitablemanner.

The foregoing specification is described with reference to specificexemplary embodiments thereof. Various embodiments and aspects of thedisclosure are described with reference to details discussed herein, andthe accompanying drawings illustrate the various embodiments. Thedescription above and drawings are illustrative and are not to beconstrued as limiting. Numerous specific details are described toprovide a thorough understanding of various embodiments.

The additional or alternative embodiments may be embodied in otherspecific forms without departing from its spirit or essentialcharacteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in allrespects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of theinvention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than bythe foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning andrange of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within theirscope.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: maintaining, for a userassociated with a client device, a plurality of media presentations, theplurality of media presentations each comprising one or moreuser-generated media segments received from a plurality of clientdevices associated with co-users of a media presentation system;receiving, from the client device associated with the user, a firstuser-generated media segment; analyzing the first user-generated mediasegment to identify a content element within the first user-generatedmedia segment; determining the content element within the first usergenerated media segment relates to a media presentation from theplurality of media presentations; appending, by at least one processor,the first user-generated media segment to the media presentation tocreate an appended media presentation based on determining that thecontent element relates to the media presentation; determining a groupof co-users connected to the appended media presentation; providing, tothe client device associated with the user, a list of recommendedco-users with whom to share the appended media presentation based on thegroup of co-users; receiving, from the client device associated with theuser, an indication to share the appended media presentation with one ormore co-users from the list of recommended co-users; and sending theappended media presentation to one or more client devices associatedwith the one or more co-users.
 2. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: providing, to the client device associated with the user, alist of co-users connected to the user within the media presentationsystem; and wherein receiving the indication to share the appended mediapresentation with the one or more co-users comprises receiving aselection of the one or more co-users from the list of co-users withwhich to share the appended media presentation.
 3. The method of claim2, wherein sending the appended media presentation to the one or moreclient devices associated with the one or more co-users comprisesproviding the appended media presentation to the one or more co-usersvia the media presentation system.
 4. The method of claim 3, furthercomprising restricting other co-users not selected on the list ofco-users from accessing the appended media presentation.
 5. The methodof claim 1, wherein sending the appended media presentation to the oneor more client devices associated with the one or more co-userscomprises sending the appended media presentation via a communicationsystem.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the communication system is amessaging communication system.
 7. The method of claim 5, wherein thecommunication system is a social networking system.
 8. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: receiving authorization for the user toappend media segments to the media presentation; and wherein appendingthe first user-generated media segment to the media presentationcomprises appending the first user-generated media segment to the mediapresentation based on the user being authorized to append media segmentsto the media presentation.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from a second client device associated with a co-user of theone or more co-users, a second user-generated media segment; appendingthe second user-generated media segment to the appended mediapresentation to create a twice appended media presentation; and sending,to the client device associated with the user and the one or more clientdevices associated with the one or more co-users, the twice appendedmedia presentation.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein determining thegroup of co-users connected to the appended media presentation is basedon social networking contacts of the user.
 11. The method of claim 1,wherein determining the group of co-users connected to the appendedmedia presentation comprises: identifying one or more co-users tagged inthe appended media presentation; and adding the one or more co-userstagged in the appended media presentation to the group of co-users. 12.The method of claim 1, wherein determining the group of co-usersconnected to the appended media presentation comprises: detecting a faceof a potential co-user within the appended media presentation;determining the face matches a co-user connected to the user; and addingthe co-user matching the face to the group of co-users.
 13. The methodof claim 1, wherein receiving the indication from the client device toshare the appended media presentation with the one or more co-userscomprises receiving, from the client device, a selection of the one ormore co-users from the list of recommend co-users.
 14. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: identifying one or more additional co-usersconnected to at least one co-user in the group of co-users; andsupplementing the group of co-users to include the one or moreadditional co-users.
 15. The method of claim 1, further comprisingproviding a graphical element within the appended media presentationthat, when selected, indicates a request from the user to share theappended media presentation with co-users.
 16. The method of claim 15,wherein the graphical element is a share button overlaying the appendedmedia presentation.
 17. A non-transitory computer readable mediumstoring instructions thereon that, when executed by at least oneprocessor, cause a computer system to: maintain, for a user associatedwith a client device, a plurality of media presentations, the pluralityof media presentations each comprising one or more user-generated mediasegments received from a plurality of client devices associated withco-users of a media presentation system; receive, from the client deviceassociated with the user, a first user-generated media segment; analyzethe first user-generated media segment to identify a content elementwithin the first user-generated media segment; determine the contentelement within the first user-generated media segment relates to a mediapresentation from the plurality of media presentations; append the firstuser-generated media segment to the media presentation to create anappended media presentation based on determining that the contentelement relates to the media presentation; determine a group of co-usersconnected to the appended media presentation; provide, to the clientdevice associated with the user, a list of recommended co-users withwhom to share the appended media presentation based on the group ofco-users; receive, from the client device associated with the user, anindication to share the appended media presentation with one or moreco-users from the list of recommended co-users; and send the appendedmedia presentation to one or more client devices associated with the oneor more co-users.
 18. The non-transitory computer readable medium ofclaim 17, wherein sending the appended media presentation to the one ormore client devices associated with the one or more co-users comprisessending the appended media presentation via a communication system. 19.The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17, furthercomprising instructions that, when executed by the at least oneprocessor, cause the computer system to: receive, from a second clientdevice associated with a co-user of the one or more co-users, a seconduser-generated media segment; append the second user-generated mediasegment to the appended media presentation to create a twice appendedmedia presentation; and send, to the client device associated with theuser and the one or more client devices associated with the one or moreco-users, the twice appended media presentation.
 20. A systemcomprising: at least one processor; and at least one non-transitorycomputer readable storage medium storing instructions thereon that, whenexecuted by the at least one processor, cause the system to: maintain,for a user associated with a client device, a plurality of mediapresentations, the plurality of media presentations each comprising oneor more user-generated media segments received from a plurality ofclient devices associated with co-users of a media presentation system;receive, from the client device associated with the user, a firstuser-generated media segment; analyze the first user-generated mediasegment to identify a content element within the first user-generatedmedia segment; determine the content element within the firstuser-generated media segment relates to a media presentation from theplurality of media presentations; append the first user-generated mediasegment to the media presentation to create an appended mediapresentation based on determining that the content element relates tothe media presentation; determine a group of co-users connected to theappended media presentation; provide, to the client device associatedwith the user, a list of recommended co-users with whom to share theappended media presentation based on the group of co-users; receive,from the client device associated with the user, an indication to sharethe appended media presentation with one or more co-users; and send theappended media presentation to one or more client devices associatedwith the one or more co-users from the list of recommended co-users.